Related papers: STL: Surprisingly Tricky Logic (for System Validat…

Signal Temporal Logic (STL) is a formal language over continuous-time signals (such as trajectories of a multi-agent system) that allows for the specification of complex spatial and temporal system requirements (such as staying sufficiently…

Temporal logic rules are often used in control and robotics to provide structured, human-interpretable descriptions of trajectory data. These rules have numerous applications including safety validation using formal methods, constraining…

Autonomous vehicles are complex systems that are challenging to test and debug. A requirements-driven approach to the development process can decrease the resources required to design and test these systems, while simultaneously increasing…

Signal Temporal Logic (STL) is a powerful formal language for specifying real-time specifications of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS). Transforming specifications written in natural language into STL formulas automatically has attracted…

Techniques for runtime verification often utilise specification languages that are (i) reasonably expressive, and (ii) relatively abstract (i.e. they operate on a level of abstraction that separates them from the system being monitored).…

Temporal stream logic (TSL) extends LTL with updates and predicates over arbitrary function terms. This allows for specifying data-intensive systems for which LTL is not expressive enough. In the semantics of TSL, functions and predicates…

This paper studies the online control synthesis problem for uncertain discrete-time systems subject to signal temporal logic (STL) specifications. Different from existing techniques, this work proposes an approach based on STL, reachability…

Symbolic control problems aim to synthesize control policies for dynamical systems under complex temporal specifications. For such problems, Signal Temporal Logic (STL) is increasingly used as the formal specification language due to its…

Runtime verification encompasses several lightweight techniques for checking whether a system's current execution satisfies a given specification. We focus on runtime verification for Linear Temporal Logic (LTL). Previous work describes…

Real-world robotic systems must comply with safety requirements in the presence of uncertainty. To define and measure requirement adherence, Signal Temporal Logic (STL) offers a mathematically rigorous and expressive language. However,…

Modeling and analysis of timing constraints is crucial in automotive systems. EAST-ADL is a domain specific architectural language dedicated to safety-critical automotive embedded system design. In most cases, a bounded number of violations…

This paper investigates the problem of designing control policies that satisfy high-level specifications described by signal temporal logic (STL) in unknown, stochastic environments. While many existing works concentrate on optimizing the…

The behaviour of systems characterised by a closed interaction of software components with the environment is inevitably subject to perturbations and uncertainties. In this paper we propose a general framework for the specification and…

Online monitoring aims to evaluate or to predict, at runtime, whether or not the behaviors of a system satisfy some desired specification. It plays a key role in safety-critical cyber-physical systems. In this work, we propose a new…

There has been substantial progress in the inference of formal behavioural specifications from sample trajectories, for example, using Linear Temporal Logic (LTL). However, these techniques cannot handle specifications that correctly…

Formal Methods are mathematically-based techniques for software design and engineering, which enable the unambiguous description of and reasoning about a system's behaviour. Autonomous systems use software to make decisions without human…

Automated testing plays a crucial role in ensuring software security. It heavily relies on formal specifications to validate the correctness of the system behavior. However, the main approach to defining these formal specifications is…

Automatic synthesis from linear temporal logic (LTL) specifications is widely used in robotic motion planning, control of autonomous systems, and load distribution in power networks. A common specification pattern in such applications…

First-order linear temporal logic (FOLTL) is a flexible and expressive formalism capable of naturally describing complex behaviors and properties. Although the logic is in general highly undecidable, the idea of using it as a specification…

In runtime verification, manually formalizing a specification for monitoring system executions is a tedious and error-prone process. To address this issue, we consider the problem of automatically synthesizing formal specifications from…