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The availability of genomic data is essential to progress in biomedical research, personalized medicine, etc. However, its extreme sensitivity makes it problematic, if not outright impossible, to publish or share it. As a result, several…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2022-01-19 Bristena Oprisanu , Georgi Ganev , Emiliano De Cristofaro

With promising empirical performance across a wide range of applications, synthetic data augmentation appears a viable solution to data scarcity and the demands of increasingly data-intensive models. Its effectiveness lies in expanding the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Zixuan Wu , So Won Jeong , Yating Liu , Yeo Jin Jung , Claire Donnat

Synthetic training data has gained prominence in numerous learning tasks and scenarios, offering advantages such as dataset augmentation, generalization evaluation, and privacy preservation. Despite these benefits, the efficiency of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Jianhao Yuan , Jie Zhang , Shuyang Sun , Philip Torr , Bo Zhao

Sharing data can often enable compelling applications and analytics. However, more often than not, valuable datasets contain information of a sensitive nature, and thus, sharing them can endanger the privacy of users and organizations. A…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-28 Emiliano De Cristofaro

In a world where artificial intelligence and data science become omnipresent, data sharing is increasingly locking horns with data-privacy concerns. Differential privacy has emerged as a rigorous framework for protecting individual privacy…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-06-06 March Boedihardjo , Thomas Strohmer , Roman Vershynin

In the current data driven era, synthetic data, artificially generated data that resembles the characteristics of real world data without containing actual personal information, is gaining prominence. This is due to its potential to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Tshilidzi Marwala , Eleonore Fournier-Tombs , Serge Stinckwich

Private synthetic data sharing is preferred as it keeps the distribution and nuances of original data compared to summary statistics. The state-of-the-art methods adopt a select-measure-generate paradigm, but measuring large domain…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Meifan Zhang , Dihang Deng , Lihua Yin

Synthetic data is emerging as a cost-effective solution necessary to meet the increasing data demands of AI development, created either from existing knowledge or derived from real data. The traditional classification of synthetic data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Vibeke Binz Vallevik , Serena Elizabeth Marshall , Aleksandar Babic , Jan Franz Nygaard

Much of the micro data used for epidemiological studies contain sensitive measurements on real individuals. As a result, such micro data cannot be published out of privacy concerns, rendering any published statistical analyses on them…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-01-20 Joseph Feldman , Daniel Kowal

The large number of publicly available survey datasets of wide variety, albeit useful, raise respondent-level privacy concerns. The synthetic data approach to data privacy and confidentiality has been shown useful in terms of privacy…

Applications · Statistics 2022-05-24 Yixiao Cao , Jingchen Hu

Artificial intelligence and data access are already mainstream. One of the main challenges when designing an artificial intelligence or disclosing content from a database is preserving the privacy of individuals who participate in the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Clément Pierquin , Bastien Zimmermann , Matthieu Boussard

A central challenge in statistical inference is the presence of confounding variables that may distort observed associations between treatment and outcome. Conventional "causal" methods, grounded in assumptions such as ignorability, exclude…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-09 Ellis Scharfenaker , Duncan K. Foley

Synthetic data is a promising approach to privacy protection in many contexts. A Bayesian synthesis model, also known as a synthesizer, simulates synthetic values of sensitive variables from their posterior predictive distributions. The…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-03-18 Ryan Hornby , Jingchen Hu

Machine learning heavily relies on data, but real-world applications often encounter various data-related issues. These include data of poor quality, insufficient data points leading to under-fitting of machine learning models, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Yingzhou Lu , Lulu Chen , Yuanyuan Zhang , Minjie Shen , Huazheng Wang , Xiao Wang , Capucine van Rechem , Tianfan Fu , Wenqi Wei

Access to genomic data is highly regulated due to its sensitive nature. While safeguards are essential, cumbersome data access processes pose a significant barrier to the development of AI methods for genomics. Synthetic data generation can…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Daniil Filienko , Martine De Cock , Sikha Pentyala

Introduction: The amount of data generated by original research is growing exponentially. Publicly releasing them is recommended to comply with the Open Science principles. However, data collected from human participants cannot be released…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-10-11 Rémy Chapelle , Bruno Falissard

Synthetic data is emerging as one of the most promising solutions to share individual-level data while safeguarding privacy. While membership inference attacks (MIAs), based on shadow modeling, have become the standard to evaluate the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-05 Florent Guépin , Matthieu Meeus , Ana-Maria Cretu , Yves-Alexandre de Montjoye

Existing private synthetic data generation algorithms are agnostic to downstream tasks. However, end users may have specific requirements that the synthetic data must satisfy. Failure to meet these requirements could significantly reduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Hao Wang , Shivchander Sudalairaj , John Henning , Kristjan Greenewald , Akash Srivastava

Marginal-based methods achieve promising performance in the synthetic data competition hosted by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). To deal with high-dimensional data, the distribution of synthetic data is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-26 Ximing Li , Chendi Wang , Guang Cheng

The synthetic control method has become a widely popular tool to estimate causal effects with observational data. Despite this, inference for synthetic control methods remains challenging. Often, inferential results rely on linear factor…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-07-09 Ignacio Martinez , Jaume Vives-i-Bastida