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An evolving area of research in deep learning is the study of architectures and inductive biases that support the learning of relational feature representations. In this paper, we address the challenge of learning representations of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Awni Altabaa , John Lafferty

Deep tabular modelling increasingly relies on in-context learning where, during inference, a model receives a set of $(x,y)$ pairs as context and predicts labels for new inputs without weight updates. We challenge the prevailing view that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Junwei Ma , Nour Shaheen , Alex Labach , Amine Mhedhbi , Frank Hutter , Anthony L. Caterini , Valentin Thomas

Foundation models have established unified representations for natural language processing, yet this paradigm remains largely unexplored for tabular data. Existing methods face fundamental limitations: LLM-based approaches lack…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Minjie Qiang , Mingming Zhang , Xiaoyi Bao , Xing Fu , Yu Cheng , Weiqiang Wang , Zhongqing Wang , Ningtao Wang

Information extraction from semi-structured webpages provides valuable long-tailed facts for augmenting knowledge graph. Relational Web tables are a critical component containing additional entities and attributes of rich and diverse…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-02-19 Daheng Wang , Prashant Shiralkar , Colin Lockard , Binxuan Huang , Xin Luna Dong , Meng Jiang

Relational Databases (RDBs) are the backbone of modern business, yet they lack foundation models comparable to those in text or vision. A key obstacle is that high-quality RDBs are private, scarce, and structurally heterogeneous, making…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Yanbo Wang , Jiaxuan You , Chuan Shi , Muhan Zhang

Despite tremendous progress over the past decade, deep learning methods generally fall short of human-level systematic generalization. It has been argued that explicitly capturing the underlying structure of data should allow connectionist…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-26 Andrea Dittadi

Query formulation is increasingly performed by systems that need to guess a user's intent (e.g. via spoken word interfaces). But how can a user know that the computational agent is returning answers to the "right" query? More generally,…

Databases · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Wolfgang Gatterbauer

Since about 100 years ago, to learn the intrinsic structure of data, many representation learning approaches have been proposed, including both linear ones and nonlinear ones, supervised ones and unsupervised ones. Particularly, deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-11-28 Guoqiang Zhong , Li-Na Wang , Junyu Dong

Tabular foundation models aim to learn universal representations of tabular data that transfer across tasks and domains, enabling applications such as table retrieval, semantic search and table-based prediction. Despite the growing number…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Liane Vogel , Kavitha Srinivas , Niharika D'Souza , Sola Shirai , Oktie Hassanzadeh , Horst Samulowitz

There are significant benefits to serve deep learning models from relational databases. First, features extracted from databases do not need to be transferred to any decoupled deep learning systems for inferences, and thus the system…

Databases · Computer Science 2022-10-24 Lixi Zhou , Jiaqing Chen , Amitabh Das , Hong Min , Lei Yu , Ming Zhao , Jia Zou

While deep learning has achieved remarkable success across many domains, it has historically underperformed on tabular learning tasks, which remain dominated by gradient boosting decision trees. However, recent advancements are paving the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Alan Arazi , Eilam Shapira , Roi Reichart

Deep auto-encoders (DAEs) have achieved great success in learning data representations via the powerful representability of neural networks. But most DAEs only focus on the most dominant structures which are able to reconstruct the data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-14 Zhao Kang , Xiao Lu , Jian Liang , Kun Bai , Zenglin Xu

Serving deep learning (DL) models on relational data has become a critical requirement across diverse commercial and scientific domains, sparking growing interest recently. In this visionary paper, we embark on a comprehensive exploration…

Graph machine learning has led to a significant increase in the capabilities of models that learn on arbitrary graph-structured data and has been applied to molecules, social networks, recommendation systems, and transportation, among other…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Vijay Prakash Dwivedi , Charilaos Kanatsoulis , Shenyang Huang , Jure Leskovec

Existing work on tabular representation learning jointly models tables and associated text using self-supervised objective functions derived from pretrained language models such as BERT. While this joint pretraining improves tasks involving…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-07 Hiroshi Iida , Dung Thai , Varun Manjunatha , Mohit Iyyer

Humans can flexibly generalize knowledge across domains by leveraging structured relational representations. While prior research has shown how such representations support analogical reasoning, less is known about how they are recruited to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Guillermo Puebla , Leonidas A. A. Doumas

Relational understanding is critical for a number of visually-rich documents (VRDs) understanding tasks. Through multi-modal pre-training, recent studies provide comprehensive contextual representations and exploit them as prior knowledge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-06 Xin Li , Yan Zheng , Yiqing Hu , Haoyu Cao , Yunfei Wu , Deqiang Jiang , Yinsong Liu , Bo Ren

Relational representation learning transforms relational data into continuous and low-dimensional vector representations. However, vector-based representations fall short in capturing crucial properties of relational data that are complex…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Bo Xiong

Deep learning methods capable of handling relational data have proliferated over the last years. In contrast to traditional relational learning methods that leverage first-order logic for representing such data, these deep learning methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-25 Sebastijan Dumancic , Tias Guns , Wannes Meert , Hendrik Blockeel

Foundation models for tabular data are rapidly evolving, with increasing interest in extending them to support additional modalities such as free-text features. However, existing benchmarks for tabular data rarely include textual columns,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Martin Mráz , Breenda Das , Anshul Gupta , Lennart Purucker , Frank Hutter