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Live video streaming is increasingly popular on social media platforms. With the growth of live streaming comes an increased need for robust content moderation to remove dangerous, illegal, or otherwise objectionable content. Whereas video…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Andrew C. Freeman

Harmful content is pervasive on social media, poisoning online communities and negatively impacting participation. A common approach to address this issue is to develop detection models that rely on human annotations. However, the tasks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Lingyao Li , Lizhou Fan , Shubham Atreja , Libby Hemphill

Dialogue models trained on human conversations inadvertently learn to generate toxic responses. In addition to producing explicitly offensive utterances, these models can also implicitly insult a group or individual by aligning themselves…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Ashutosh Baheti , Maarten Sap , Alan Ritter , Mark Riedl

In this paper, we explore the feasibility of leveraging large language models (LLMs) to automate or otherwise assist human raters with identifying harmful content including hate speech, harassment, violent extremism, and election…

Users organize themselves into communities on web platforms. These communities can interact with one another, often leading to conflicts and toxic interactions. However, little is known about the mechanisms of interactions between…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2018-03-13 Srijan Kumar , William L. Hamilton , Jure Leskovec , Dan Jurafsky

Content moderation is a widely used strategy to prevent the dissemination of irregular information on social media platforms. Despite extensive research on developing automated models to support decision-making in content moderation, there…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-08-23 Wangjiaxuan Xin , Kanlun Wang , Zhe Fu , Lina Zhou

Online social media platforms use automated moderation systems to remove or reduce the visibility of rule-breaking content. While previous work has documented the importance of manual content moderation, the effects of automated content…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-02-17 Manoel Horta Ribeiro , Justin Cheng , Robert West

Toxic comments are the top form of hate and harassment experienced online. While many studies have investigated the types of toxic comments posted online, the effects that such content has on people, and the impact of potential defenses, no…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Deepak Kumar , Jeff Hancock , Kurt Thomas , Zakir Durumeric

As open-ended human-chatbot interaction becomes commonplace, sensitive content detection gains importance. In this work, we propose a two stage semi-supervised approach to bootstrap large-scale data for automatic sensitive language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-12-03 Chandra Khatri , Behnam Hedayatnia , Rahul Goel , Anushree Venkatesh , Raefer Gabriel , Arindam Mandal

Harmful content detection models tend to have higher false positive rates for content from marginalized groups. In the context of marginal abuse modeling on Twitter, such disproportionate penalization poses the risk of reduced visibility,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-13 Kyra Yee , Alice Schoenauer Sebag , Olivia Redfield , Emily Sheng , Matthias Eck , Luca Belli

Conversations often adhere to well-understood social norms that vary across cultures. For example, while "addressing parents by name" is commonplace in the West, it is rare in most Asian cultures. Adherence or violation of such norms often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Rajkumar Pujari , Dan Goldwasser

Online communities rely on a mix of platform policies and community-authored rules to define acceptable behavior and maintain order. However, these rules vary widely across communities, evolve over time, and are enforced inconsistently,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Mattia Samory , Diana Pamfile , Andrew To , Shruti Phadke

Online platforms like Reddit, Wikipedia, and Facebook are integral to modern life, enabling content creation and sharing through posts, comments, and discussions. Despite their virtual and often anonymous nature, these platforms need rules…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-07-18 Shambhobi Bhattacharya , Jisung Yoon , Hyejin Youn

Online texts with toxic content are a clear threat to the users on social media in particular and society in general. Although many platforms have adopted various measures (e.g., machine learning-based hate-speech detection systems) to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Yiran Ye , Thai Le , Dongwon Lee

Online harassment is a widespread social and public health concern, yet most computational approaches for detecting and addressing harassment focus on publicly visible social media content rather than private messaging environments. Private…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Pinxian Lu , Nimra Ishfaq , Emma Win , Morgan Rose , Sierra R Strickland , Candice L Biernesser , Jamie Zelazny , Munmun De Choudhury

This paper proposes a method for generating bullet comments for live-streaming games based on highlights (i.e., the exciting parts of video clips) extracted from the game content and evaluate the effect of mental health promotion. Game live…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2021-08-19 Junjie H. Xu , Yulin Cai , Zhou Fang , Pujana Paliyawan

In the pursuit of bolstering user safety, social media platforms deploy active moderation strategies, including content removal and user suspension. These measures target users engaged in discussions marked by hate speech or toxicity, often…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-01-26 Hina Qayyum , Muhammad Ikram , Benjamin Zi Hao Zhao , Ian D. Wood , Nicolas Kourtellis , Mohamed Ali Kaafar

Online harms are a growing problem in digital spaces, putting user safety at risk and reducing trust in social media platforms. One of the most persistent forms of harm is hate speech. To address this, we need tools that combine the speed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Paloma Piot , Diego Sánchez , Javier Parapar

The rapid growth of audio-centric platforms and applications such as WhatsApp and Twitter has transformed the way people communicate and share audio content in modern society. However, these platforms are increasingly misused to disseminate…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Wenxuan Wang , Yongjiang Wu , Junyuan Zhang , Shuqing Li , Yun Peng , Wenting Chen , Shuai Wang , Michael R. Lyu

Hate speech is harmful content that directly attacks or promotes hatred against members of groups or individuals based on actual or perceived aspects of identity, such as racism, religion, or sexual orientation. This can affect social life…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Arijit Das , Somashree Nandy , Rupam Saha , Srijan Das , Diganta Saha