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Label-free imaging of rapidly moving, sub-diffraction sized structures has important applications in both biology and material science, as it removes the limitations associated with fluorescence tagging. However, unlabeled nanoscale…

Representation learning offers a conduit to elucidate distinctive features within the latent space and interpret the deep models. However, the randomness of lesion distribution and the complexity of low-quality factors in medical images…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Qingshan Hou , Shuai Cheng , Peng Cao , Jinzhu Yang , Xiaoli Liu , Osmar R. Zaiane , Yih Chung Tham

Microplasmas can be used for a wide range of technological applications and to improve our understanding of fundamental physics. Scanning electron microscopy, on the other hand, provides insights into the sample morphology and chemistry of…

The research and development of silicon-based X-ray fluorescence detectors achieved its submicron sensitivity. Its initial use is intended for in-situ beam monitoring at advanced light-source facilities. The effectively functioning…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2018-11-13 Phil S. Yoon

The ability to resolve and quantify features at submicrometer scales from a single-shot image is crucial for real-time uncovering intricate structures in unlabeled biological samples and analyzing them at the subcellular level. We introduce…

Optics · Physics 2025-01-22 Jaromír Běhal , Miroslav Ježek

Imaging depth of optical microscopy has been fundamentally limited to millimeter or sub-millimeter due to light scattering. X-ray microscopy can resolve spatial details of few microns deeply inside a sample but the contrast resolution is…

Biological Physics · Physics 2015-06-17 Wenxiang Cong , Fenglin Liu , Chao Wang , Ge Wang

Event-based image sensors provide microsecond temporal resolution but lack spectral discrimination, whereas diffractive spectral imagers encode wavelength information at conventional frame rates. We introduce a fluorescence microscopy…

Optics · Physics 2026-03-20 Richard G. Baird , Boyden Myers , Erik M. Jorgensen , Rajesh Menon

Although several optical techniques have been recently developed in order to overcome the resolution limit in microscopy, the imaging of sub-wavelength features is still a real challenge. In practise, super-resolution techniques remain…

Physics Education · Physics 2019-07-24 Stephane Perrin , Keshia Badu , Paul Montgomery , Sylvain Lecler

Optical-resolution fluorescence imaging through and within complex samples presents a significant challenge due to random light scattering, with substantial implications across multiple fields. While significant advancements in coherent…

Optics · Physics 2023-12-27 Gil Weinberg , Elad Sunray , Ori Katz

Nonlinear optical microscopy allows rapid high-resolution microscopy with image contrast generated from intrinsic properties of the sample. Established modalities such as multiphoton excited fluorescence and second/third-harmonic generation…

X-ray ptychography has revolutionised nanoscale phase contrast imaging at large-scale synchrotron sources in recent years. We present here the first successful demonstration of the technique in a small-scale laboratory setting. We conducted…

Optical diffraction tomography is an indispensable tool for studying objects in three-dimensions due to its ability to accurately reconstruct scattering objects. Until now this technique has been limited to coherent light because spatial…

Tracking single fluorescent molecules has offered resolution into dynamic molecular processes at the single-molecule level. This perspective traces the evolution of single-molecule tracking, highlighting key developments across various…

Biological Physics · Physics 2026-02-24 Lance W. Q. Xu , Steve Pressé

The plasma membrane of living cells is compartmentalized at multiple spatial scales ranging from the nano- to the meso-scale. This non-random organization is crucial for a large number of cellular functions. At the nanoscale, cell membranes…

The challenge of labeling large example datasets for computer vision continues to limit the availability and scope of image repositories. This research provides a new method for automated data collection, curation, labeling, and iterative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-20 Grant Rosario , David Noever , Matt Ciolino

Single-photon-level imaging at 1550 nm is a key driver for significant advancements in the next-generation laser detection technology. This cutting-edge approach plays a vital role in space ranging, target recognition, and three-dimensional…

We proposed a novel approach to coherent imaging of dynamic samples. The inter-frame similarity of the sample's local structures is found to be a powerful constraint in phasing a sequence of diffraction patterns. We devised a new image…

Optics · Physics 2024-07-11 Pengju Sheng , Fucai Zhang

Single-molecule detection enables direct observation of individual biomolecular events, providing mechanistic insights into biological processes and offering a powerful tool for disease diagnostics. However, the fundamental scale mismatch…

Optics · Physics 2025-10-14 Guifeng Li , Chaoyang Gong

Established x-ray diffraction methods allow for high-resolution structure determination of crystals, crystallized protein structures or even single molecules. While these techniques rely on coherent scattering, incoherent processes like…

X-ray phase-contrast imaging can provide greatly improved contrast over conventional absorption-based imaging for weakly absorbing samples, such as biological soft tissues and fibre composites. In this manuscript, we introduce an easy and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2015-04-21 Shenghao Wang , Huajie Han , Kun Gao , Zhili Wang , Can Zhang , Meng Yang , Zhao Wu , Augusto Marcelli , Ziyu Wu