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In this paper, we present an online learning approach for two-player zero-sum linear quadratic games with unknown dynamics. We develop a framework combining regularized least squares model estimation, high probability confidence sets, and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-06 Shanting Wang , Weihao Sun , Andreas A. Malikopoulos

We introduce, to our knowledge, the first direct second-order method for computing Nash equilibria in two-player zero-sum games. To do so, we construct a Douglas-Rachford-style splitting formulation, which we then solve with a semi-smooth…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-12-16 David Yang , Yuan Gao , Tianyi Lin , Christian Kroer

We study online learning and equilibrium computation in games with polyhedral decision sets, a property shared by both normal-form games and extensive-form games (EFGs), when the learning agent is restricted to using a best-response oracle.…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-12-07 Darshan Chakrabarti , Gabriele Farina , Christian Kroer

We study offline learning in KL-regularized two-player zero-sum games, where policies are optimized with respect to a fixed reference policy through KL regularization. Prior work relies on pessimistic value estimation to handle distribution…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Yuheng Zhang , Claire Chen , Nan Jiang

We suggest a general method for inferring players' values from their actions in repeated games. The method extends and improves upon the recent suggestion of (Nekipelov et al., EC 2015) and is based on the assumption that players are more…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2017-02-17 Noam Nisan , Gali Noti

No-regret learning has emerged as a powerful tool for solving extensive-form games. This was facilitated by the counterfactual-regret minimization (CFR) framework, which relies on the instantiation of regret minimizers for simplexes at each…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2017-11-10 Gabriele Farina , Christian Kroer , Tuomas Sandholm

Self-play methods based on regret minimization have become the state of the art for computing Nash equilibria in large two-players zero-sum extensive-form games. These methods fundamentally rely on the hierarchical structure of the players'…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-10-29 Gabriele Farina , Chun Kai Ling , Fei Fang , Tuomas Sandholm

We study fast rates of convergence in the setting of nonparametric online regression, namely where regret is defined with respect to an arbitrary function class which has bounded complexity. Our contributions are two-fold: - In the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-13 Constantinos Daskalakis , Noah Golowich

We describe a new complete algorithm for computing Nash equilibrium in multiplayer general-sum games, based on a quadratically-constrained feasibility program formulation. We demonstrate that the algorithm runs significantly faster than the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Sam Ganzfried

This paper studies a variant of two-player zero-sum matrix games, where, at each timestep, the row player selects row $i$, the column player selects column $j$, and the row player receives a noisy reward with expected value $A_{i,j}$, along…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Arnab Maiti , Kevin Jamieson , Lillian J. Ratliff

The task of computing approximate Nash equilibria in large zero-sum extensive-form games has received a tremendous amount of attention due mainly to the Annual Computer Poker Competition. Immediately after its inception, two competing and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-11-19 Kevin Waugh , J. Andrew Bagnell

In order to find Nash-equilibria for two-player zero-sum games where each player plays combinatorial objects like spanning trees, matchings etc, we consider two online learning algorithms: the online mirror descent (OMD) algorithm and the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-03-03 Swati Gupta , Michel Goemans , Patrick Jaillet

We establish the first uncoupled learning algorithm that attains $O(n \log^2 d \log T)$ per-player regret in multi-player general-sum games, where $n$ is the number of players, $d$ is the number of actions available to each player, and $T$…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Ashkan Soleymani , Georgios Piliouras , Gabriele Farina

We study online optimization methods for zero-sum games, a fundamental problem in adversarial learning in machine learning, economics, and many other domains. Traditional methods approximate Nash equilibria (NE) using either regret-based…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Taemin Kim , James P. Bailey

We give a simple and computationally efficient algorithm that, for any constant $\varepsilon>0$, obtains $\varepsilon T$-swap regret within only $T = \mathsf{polylog}(n)$ rounds; this is an exponential improvement compared to the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Binghui Peng , Aviad Rubinstein

No-regret self-play learning dynamics have become one of the premier ways to solve large-scale games in practice. Accelerating their convergence via improving the regret of the players over the naive $O(\sqrt{T})$ bound after $T$ rounds has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Shinji Ito , Haipeng Luo , Taira Tsuchiya , Yue Wu

Regret minimization is a powerful tool for solving large-scale extensive-form games. State-of-the-art methods rely on minimizing regret locally at each decision point. In this work we derive a new framework for regret minimization on…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2018-09-11 Gabriele Farina , Christian Kroer , Tuomas Sandholm

We study two-player general sum repeated finite games where the rewards of each player are generated from an unknown distribution. Our aim is to find the egalitarian bargaining solution (EBS) for the repeated game, which can lead to much…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-05 Aristide Tossou , Christos Dimitrakakis , Jaroslaw Rzepecki , Katja Hofmann

Regret minimization has proved to be a versatile tool for tree-form sequential decision making and extensive-form games. In large two-player zero-sum imperfect-information games, modern extensions of counterfactual regret minimization (CFR)…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Gabriele Farina , Tuomas Sandholm

An abundance of recent impossibility results establish that regret minimization in Markov games with adversarial opponents is both statistically and computationally intractable. Nevertheless, none of these results preclude the possibility…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Liad Erez , Tal Lancewicki , Uri Sherman , Tomer Koren , Yishay Mansour