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One-step generative modeling seeks to generate high-quality data samples in a single function evaluation, significantly improving efficiency over traditional diffusion or flow-based models. In this work, we introduce Modular MeanFlow (MMF),…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Haochen You , Baojing Liu , Hongyang He

In this paper, we consider a mean field game model inspired by crowd motion in which several interacting populations evolving in $\mathbb R^d$ aim at reaching given target sets in minimal time. The movement of each agent is described by a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-08-16 Saeed Sadeghi Arjmand , Guilherme Mazanti

Quantum games represent the really 21st century branch of game theory, tightly linked to the modern development of quantum computing and quantum technologies. The main accent in these developments so far was made on stationary or repeated…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-05-06 Vassili N. Kolokoltsov

Multi-agent reinforcement learning, despite its popularity and empirical success, faces significant scalability challenges in large-population dynamic games. Graphon mean field games (GMFGs) offer a principled framework for approximating…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-06-09 Philipp Plank , Yufei Zhang

We analyze a system of partial differential equations that model a potential mean field game of controls, briefly MFGC. Such a game describes the interaction of infinitely many negligible players competing to optimize a personal value…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2020-10-27 Jameson Graber , Alan Mullenix , Laurent Pfeiffer

Diffusion and flow models have become the dominant paradigm for generative modeling on Riemannian manifolds, with successful applications in protein backbone generation and DNA sequence design. However, these methods require tens to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Dongyeop Woo , Marta Skreta , Seonghyun Park , Kirill Neklyudov , Sungsoo Ahn

We present a method enabling a large number of agents to learn how to flock, which is a natural behavior observed in large populations of animals. This problem has drawn a lot of interest but requires many structural assumptions and is…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-05-18 Sarah Perrin , Mathieu Laurière , Julien Pérolat , Matthieu Geist , Romuald Élie , Olivier Pietquin

In a game theoretic framework, we study energy markets with a continuum of homogenous producers who produce energy from an exhaustible resource such as oil. Each producer simultaneously optimizes production rate that drives her revenues, as…

Economics · Quantitative Finance 2017-10-17 Michael Ludkovski , Xuwei Yang

This paper studies a mean field game inspired by crowd motion in which agents evolve in a compact domain and want to reach its boundary minimizing the sum of their travel time and a given boundary cost. Interactions between agents occur…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-01-31 Samer Dweik , Guilherme Mazanti

We propose the Mean-Field Actor-Critic (MFAC) flow, a continuous-time learning dynamics for solving mean-field games (MFGs), combining techniques from reinforcement learning and optimal transport. The MFAC framework jointly evolves the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-27 Mo Zhou , Haosheng Zhou , Ruimeng Hu

Empirically derived continuum models of collective behavior among large populations of dynamic agents are a subject of intense study in several fields, including biology, engineering and finance. We formulate and study a mean-field game…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2018-06-22 Piyush Grover , Kaivalya Bakshi , Evangelos A. Theodorou

Here, we study machine learning (ML) architectures to solve a mean-field games (MFGs) system arising in price formation models. We formulate a training process that relies on a min-max characterization of the optimal control and price…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-01-26 Diogo Gomes , Julián Gutiérrez , Mathieu Laurière

We propose a single-level numerical approach to solve Stackelberg mean field game (MFG) problems. In Stackelberg MFG, an infinite population of agents play a non-cooperative game and choose their controls to optimize their individual…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-04-24 Gokce Dayanikli , Mathieu Lauriere

Generative modeling typically concerns transporting a single source distribution to a target distribution via simple probability flows. However, in fields like computer graphics and single-cell genomics, samples themselves can be viewed as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Doron Haviv , Aram-Alexandre Pooladian , Dana Pe'er , Brandon Amos

This paper introduces a framework of Constrained Mean-Field Games (CMFGs), where each agent solves a constrained Markov decision process (CMDP). This formulation captures scenarios in which agents' strategies are subject to feasibility,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-15 Anran Hu , Zijiu Lyu

Mean-field games (MFGs) have shown strong modeling capabilities for large systems in various fields, driving growth in computational methods for mean-field game problems. However, high order methods have not been thoroughly investigated. In…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-08-16 Guosheng Fu , Siting Liu , Stanley Osher , Wuchen Li

Mean Field Games (MFGs) can potentially scale multi-agent systems to extremely large populations of agents. Yet, most of the literature assumes a single initial distribution for the agents, which limits the practical applications of MFGs.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-21 Sarah Perrin , Mathieu Laurière , Julien Pérolat , Romuald Élie , Matthieu Geist , Olivier Pietquin

Mean field games (MFGs) offer a versatile framework for modeling large-scale interactive systems across multiple domains. This paper builds upon a previous work, by developing a state-of-the-art unified approach to decode or design the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-01-22 Hongyu Liu , Catharine W. K. Lo

The formulation of Mean Field Games (MFG) typically requires continuous differentiability of the Hamiltonian in order to determine the advective term in the Kolmogorov--Fokker--Planck equation for the density of players. However, in many…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-04-03 Yohance A. P. Osborne , Iain Smears

Here, we develop numerical methods for finite-state mean-field games (MFGs) that satisfy a monotonicity condition. MFGs are determined by a system of differential equations with initial and terminal boundary conditions. These non-standard…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-05-02 Diogo Gomes , Joao Saude