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Procedural Content Generation via Reinforcement Learning (PCGRL) has been introduced as a means by which controllable designer agents can be trained based only on a set of computable metrics acting as a proxy for the level's quality and key…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-23 Sam Earle , Zehua Jiang , Julian Togelius

Reinforcement learning (RL) research requires diverse, challenging environments that are both tractable and scalable. While modern video games may offer rich dynamics, they are computationally expensive and poorly suited for large-scale…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Waris Radji , Thomas Michel , Hector Piteau

Deep Reinforcement Learning can play a key role in addressing sustainable energy challenges. For instance, many grid systems are heavily congested, highlighting the urgent need to enhance operational efficiency. However, reinforcement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Koen Ponse , Jan Felix Kleuker , Aske Plaat , Thomas Moerland

Benchmarks are crucial in the development of machine learning algorithms, with available environments significantly influencing reinforcement learning (RL) research. Traditionally, RL environments run on the CPU, which limits their…

Translating complex reinforcement learning (RL) environments into high-performance implementations has traditionally required months of specialized engineering. We present a closed-loop methodology that produces equivalent high-performance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Seth Karten , Rahul Dev Appapogu , Chi Jin

Deep reinforcement learning (RL) has achieved many recent successes, yet experiment turn-around time remains a key bottleneck in research and in practice. We investigate how to optimize existing deep RL algorithms for modern computers,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-14 Adam Stooke , Pieter Abbeel

Self-supervision has the potential to transform reinforcement learning (RL), paralleling the breakthroughs it has enabled in other areas of machine learning. While self-supervised learning in other domains aims to find patterns in a fixed…

Games have long been used as benchmarks and testing environments for research in artificial intelligence. A key step in supporting this research was the development of game description languages: frameworks that compile domain-specific code…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Graham Todd , Alexander G. Padula , Dennis J. N. J. Soemers , Julian Togelius

Riichi Mahjong is a multi-player, imperfect-information game characterized by stochasticity and high-dimensional state spaces. These attributes present a unique combination of challenges that mirror complex real-world decision-making…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Soichiro Nishimori , Shinri Okano , Keigo Habara , Sotetsu Koyamada , Eason Yu , Masashi Sugiyama

As Deep Reinforcement Learning (Deep RL) research moves towards solving large-scale worlds, efficient environment simulations become crucial for rapid experimentation. However, most existing environments struggle to scale to high…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Eduardo Pignatelli , Jarek Liesen , Robert Tjarko Lange , Chris Lu , Pablo Samuel Castro , Laura Toni

The development of reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms has been largely driven by ambitious challenge tasks and benchmarks. Games have dominated RL benchmarks because they present relevant challenges, are inexpensive to run and easy to…

Financial exchanges across the world use limit order books (LOBs) to process orders and match trades. For research purposes it is important to have large scale efficient simulators of LOB dynamics. LOB simulators have previously been…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2023-08-28 Sascha Frey , Kang Li , Peer Nagy , Silvia Sapora , Chris Lu , Stefan Zohren , Jakob Foerster , Anisoara Calinescu

Massively parallel GPU simulation environments have accelerated reinforcement learning (RL) research by enabling fast data collection for on-policy RL algorithms like Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO). To maximize throughput, it is common…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Sid Bharthulwar , Stone Tao , Hao Su

There has been significant progress in developing reinforcement learning (RL) training systems. Past works such as IMPALA, Apex, Seed RL, Sample Factory, and others, aim to improve the system's overall throughput. In this paper, we aim to…

Artificial intelligence methods are increasingly being explored for managing wildfires and other natural hazards. In particular, reinforcement learning (RL) is a promising path towards improving outcomes in such uncertain decision-making…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Ufuk Çakır , Victor-Alexandru Darvariu , Bruno Lacerda , Nick Hawes

We present PixelBrax, a set of continuous control tasks with pixel observations. We combine the Brax physics engine with a pure JAX renderer, allowing reinforcement learning (RL) experiments to run end-to-end on the GPU. PixelBrax can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Trevor McInroe , Samuel Garcin

We present Brax, an open source library for rigid body simulation with a focus on performance and parallelism on accelerators, written in JAX. We present results on a suite of tasks inspired by the existing reinforcement learning…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-06-28 C. Daniel Freeman , Erik Frey , Anton Raichuk , Sertan Girgin , Igor Mordatch , Olivier Bachem

Most Deep Reinforcement Learning (Deep RL) algorithms require a prohibitively large number of training samples for learning complex tasks. Many recent works on speeding up Deep RL have focused on distributed training and simulation. While…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-10-25 Jacky Liang , Viktor Makoviychuk , Ankur Handa , Nuttapong Chentanez , Miles Macklin , Dieter Fox

We introduce PuzzleJAX, a GPU-accelerated puzzle game engine and description language designed to support rapid benchmarking of tree search, reinforcement learning, and LLM reasoning abilities. Unlike existing GPU-accelerated learning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Sam Earle , Graham Todd , Yuchen Li , Ahmed Khalifa , Muhammad Umair Nasir , Zehua Jiang , Andrzej Banburski-Fahey , Julian Togelius

As large language models (LLMs) continue to scale and new GPUs are released even more frequently, there is an increasing demand for LLM post-training in heterogeneous environments to fully leverage underutilized mid-range or…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Yongjun He , Shuai Zhang , Jiading Gai , Xiyuan Zhang , Boran Han , Bernie Wang , Huzefa Rangwala , George Karypis
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