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We propose a new method for the visual quality assessment of 360-degree (omnidirectional) videos. The proposed method is based on computing multiple spatio-temporal objective quality features on viewports extracted from 360-degree videos. A…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Roberto G. de A. Azevedo , Neil Birkbeck , Ivan Janatra , Balu Adsumilli , Pascal Frossard

Standard video encoders developed for conventional narrow field-of-view video are widely applied to 360{\deg} video as well, with reasonable results. However, while this approach commits arbitrarily to a projection of the spherical frames,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-12-13 Yu-Chuan Su , Kristen Grauman

The human eye cannot perceive small pixel changes in images or videos until a certain threshold of distortion. In the context of video compression, Just Noticeable Difference (JND) is the smallest distortion level from which the human eye…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-22 Jingwen Zhu , Patrick Le Callet , Anne-Flore Perrin , Sriram Sethuraman , Kumar Rahul

The growing popularity of virtual and augmented reality communications and 360{\deg} video streaming is moving video communication systems into much more dynamic and resource-limited operating settings. The enormous data volume of 360{\deg}…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2018-03-23 Jacob Chakareski , Ridvan Aksu , Xavier Corbillon , Gwendal Simon , Viswanathan Swaminathan

Just noticeable distortion (JND), representing the threshold of distortion in an image that is minimally perceptible to the human visual system (HVS), is crucial for image compression algorithms to achieve a trade-off between transmission…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-09 Linhan Cao , Wei Sun , Xiongkuo Min , Jun Jia , Zicheng Zhang , Zijian Chen , Yucheng Zhu , Lizhou Liu , Qiubo Chen , Jing Chen , Guangtao Zhai

Due to the current lack of large-scale datasets at the million-scale level, tasks involving panoramic images predominantly rely on existing two-dimensional pre-trained image benchmark models as backbone networks. However, these networks are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Jingguo Liu , Han Yu , Shigang Li , Jianfeng Li

The recent success of immersive applications is pushing the research community to define new approaches to process 360{\deg} images and videos and optimize their transmission. Among these, saliency estimation provides a powerful tool that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Mahmoud Z. A. Wahba , Sara Baldoni , Federica Battisti

Field of view (FoV) prediction is critical in 360-degree video multicast, which is a key component of the emerging Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) applications. Most of the current prediction methods combining saliency…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Jie Li , Ling Han , Cong Zhang , Qiyue Li , Zhi Liu

Nowadays, 360{\deg} video/image has been increasingly popular and drawn great attention. The spherical viewing range of 360{\deg} video/image accounts for huge data, which pose the challenges to 360{\deg} video/image processing in solving…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-10-29 Chen Li , Mai Xu , Shanyi Zhang , Patrick Le Callet

Omnidirectional (360-degree) video is rapidly gaining popularity due to advancements in immersive technologies like virtual reality (VR) and extended reality (XR). However, real-time streaming of such videos, especially in live mobile…

Given the popularity of 360{\deg} images on social media platforms, 360{\deg} image compression becomes a critical technology for media storage and transmission. Conventional 360{\deg} image compression pipeline projects the spherical image…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-25 Jingwei Liao , Bo Chen , Klara Nahrstedt , Zhisheng Yan

Nowadays 360 video analysis has become a significant research topic in the field since the appearance of high-quality and low-cost 360 wearable devices. In this paper, we propose a novel LiteFlowNet360 architecture for 360 videos optical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-19 Keshav Bhandari , Ziliang Zong , Yan Yan

The growing interest in omnidirectional videos (ODVs) that capture the full field-of-view (FOV) has gained 360-degree saliency prediction importance in computer vision. However, predicting where humans look in 360-degree scenes presents…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-28 Mert Cokelek , Nevrez Imamoglu , Cagri Ozcinar , Erkut Erdem , Aykut Erdem

360{\deg} video provides an immersive experience for viewers, allowing them to freely explore the world by turning their head. However, creating high-quality 360{\deg} video content can be challenging, as viewers may miss important events…

Graphics · Computer Science 2019-01-15 Chengzhou Tang , Oliver Wang , Feng Liu , Ping Tan

Omnidirectional (or 360-degree) images and videos are emergent signals in many areas such as robotics and virtual/augmented reality. In particular, for virtual reality, they allow an immersive experience in which the user is provided with a…

The Just Noticeable Difference (JND) accounts for the minimum distortion at which humans can perceive a difference between a pristine stimulus and its distorted version. The JND concept has been widely applied in visual signal processing…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Chunling Fan , Yun Zhang , Dietmar Saupe , Raouf Hamzaoui , Weisi Lin

Recently, with the development of deep learning, a number of Just Noticeable Difference (JND) datasets have been built for JND modeling. However, all the existing JND datasets only label the JND points based on the level of compression…

Graphics · Computer Science 2023-03-09 Yaxuan Liu , Jian Jin , Yuan Xue , Weisi Lin

360{\deg} videos a.k.a. spherical videos are getting popular among users nevertheless, omnidirectional view of these videos demands high bandwidth and processing power at the end devices. Recently proposed viewport aware streaming…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2021-05-26 Chamara Kattadige , Kanchana Thilakarathna

Reliable depth estimation from spherical images is crucial for 360{\deg} vision in robotic navigation and immersive scene understanding. However, the onboard spherical camera can experience unintentional pose variations in real-world…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Soulayma Gazzeh , Giuseppe Mazzola , Liliana Lo Presti , Marco La Cascia

Just Recognizable Difference (JRD) represents the minimum visual difference that is detectable by machine vision, which can be exploited to promote machine vision oriented visual signal processing. In this paper, we propose a Deep…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-15 Junqi Liu , Yun Zhang , Xiaoqi Wang , Xu Long , Sam Kwong