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A fundamental challenge in artificial intelligence involves understanding the cognitive mechanisms underlying visual reasoning in sophisticated models like Vision-Language Models (VLMs). How do these models integrate visual perception with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Mohit Vaishnav , Tanel Tammet

Bridging continuous perceptual signals and discrete symbolic reasoning is a fundamental challenge in AI systems that must operate under uncertainty. We present a neuro-symbolic framework that explicitly models and propagates uncertainty…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Jiahao Wu , Shengwen Yu

The Abstraction and Reasoning Corpus (ARC) tests AI systems' ability to perform human-like inductive reasoning from a few demonstration pairs. Existing Gymnasium-based RL environments severely limit experimental scale due to computational…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Aadam , Monu Verma , Mohamed Abdel-Mottaleb

Humans possess a remarkable capacity to recognize and manipulate abstract structure, which is especially apparent in the domain of geometry. Recent research in cognitive science suggests neural networks do not share this capacity,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Declan Campbell , Sreejan Kumar , Tyler Giallanza , Thomas L. Griffiths , Jonathan D. Cohen

Artificial Expert Intelligence (AEI) seeks to transcend the limitations of both Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) and narrow AI by integrating domain-specific expertise with critical, precise reasoning capabilities akin to those of top…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Shai Shalev-Shwartz , Amnon Shashua , Gal Beniamini , Yoav Levine , Or Sharir , Noam Wies , Ido Ben-Shaul , Tomer Nussbaum , Shir Granot Peled

Humans connect language and vision to perceive the world. How to build a similar connection for computers? One possible way is via visual concepts, which are text terms that relate to visually discriminative entities. We propose an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-09-25 Chen Sun , Chuang Gan , Ram Nevatia

Recently introduced self-supervised methods for image representation learning provide on par or superior results to their fully supervised competitors, yet the corresponding efforts to explain the self-supervised approaches lag behind.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-15 Witold Oleszkiewicz , Dominika Basaj , Igor Sieradzki , Michał Górszczak , Barbara Rychalska , Koryna Lewandowska , Tomasz Trzciński , Bartosz Zieliński

While brain-inspired artificial intelligence(AI) has demonstrated promising results, current understanding of the parallels between artificial neural networks (ANNs) and human brain processing remains limited: (1) unimodal ANN studies fail…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Yudan Ren , Xinlong Wang , Kexin Wang , Tian Xia , Zihan Ma , Zhaowei Li , Xiangrong Bi , Xiao Li , Xiaowei He

Human body parsing remains a challenging problem in natural scenes due to multi-instance and inter-part semantic confusions as well as occlusions. This paper proposes a novel approach to decomposing multiple human bodies into semantic part…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Tinghuai Wang , Huiling Wang

Recent advances in general-purpose AI systems with attention-based transformers offer a potential window into how the neocortex and cerebellum, despite their relatively uniform circuit architectures, give rise to diverse functions and,…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-12-03 Shogo Ohmae , Keiko Ohmae

Physical AI systems need to perceive, understand, and perform complex actions in the physical world. In this paper, we present the Cosmos-Reason1 models that can understand the physical world and generate appropriate embodied decisions…

Real-world reasoning often requires combining information across modalities, connecting textual context with visual cues in a multi-hop process. Yet, most multimodal benchmarks fail to capture this ability: they typically rely on single…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Junyoung Sung , Seungwoo Lyu , Minjun Kim , Sumin An , Arsha Nagrani , Paul Hongsuck Seo

Explanations are central to human cognition, yet AI systems often produce outputs that are difficult to understand. While symbolic AI offers a transparent foundation for interpretability, raw logical traces often impose a high extraneous…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Zeynep G. Saribatur , Johannes Langer , Ute Schmid

The fields of artificial intelligence and neuroscience have a long history of fertile bi-directional interactions. On the one hand, important inspiration for the development of artificial intelligence systems has come from the study of…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2019-11-21 Eilif B. Muller , Philippe Beaudoin

Convolutional Neural Networks have become state of the art methods for image classification over the last couple of years. By now they perform better than human subjects on many of the image classification datasets. Most of these datasets…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-08-28 Sebastian Stabinger , Antonio Rodriguez-Sanchez

Building on recent advances in language-based reasoning models, we explore multimodal reasoning that integrates vision and text. Existing multimodal benchmarks primarily test visual extraction combined with text-based reasoning, lacking…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Mert Unsal , Aylin Akkus

Augmented Reality (AR) enriches human perception by overlaying virtual elements onto the physical world. However, this tight coupling between virtual and real content makes AR vulnerable to cognitive attacks: manipulations that distort…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Rongqian Chen , Allison Andreyev , Yanming Xiu , Joshua Chilukuri , Shunav Sen , Mahdi Imani , Bin Li , Maria Gorlatova , Gang Tan , Tian Lan

The success of scene graphs for visual scene understanding has brought attention to the benefits of abstracting a visual input (e.g., image) into a structured representation, where entities (people and objects) are nodes connected by edges…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-28 Mohamed Ashraf Abdelsalam , Zhan Shi , Federico Fancellu , Kalliopi Basioti , Dhaivat J. Bhatt , Vladimir Pavlovic , Afsaneh Fazly

Acquiring commonsense knowledge and reasoning is recognized as an important frontier in achieving general Artificial Intelligence (AI). Recent research in the Natural Language Processing (NLP) community has demonstrated significant progress…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-01-20 Ke Shen , Mayank Kejriwal

The Abstraction and Reasoning Corpus (ARC-AGI) poses a significant challenge for large language models (LLMs), exposing limitations in their abstract reasoning abilities. In this work, we leverage task-specific data augmentations throughout…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Daniel Franzen , Jan Disselhoff , David Hartmann