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Three-dimensional maps of the Galactic interstellar medium are general astrophysical tools. Reddening maps may be based on the inversion of color excess measurements for individual target stars or on statistical methods using stellar…
Estimates of galaxy distances based on indicators that are independent of cosmological redshift are fundamental to astrophysics. Researchers use them to establish the extragalactic distance scale, to underpin estimates of the Hubble…
This paper investigates the onset time of Solar Energetic Particle (SEP) events with numerical simulations, and analyses the accuracy of the Velocity Dispersion Analysis (VDA) method. Using a 3-dimensional focused transport model, we…
We present initial results on the use of Mixture Models for density estimation in large astronomical databases. We provide herein both the theoretical and experimental background for using a mixture model of Gaussians based on the…
The nature of turbulence in the warm ionized component of the interstellar medium (WIM) can be investigated using Fabry-Perot spectroscopy of optical emission lines. The H-alpha intensity provides the emission measure (EM) along a line of…
Extragalactic radio sources are a unique cosmological probe in that they trace large-scale structure on scales inaccessible to other wavelengths. However as radio survey data is inherently 2D, the redshift distribution, N(z), is necessary…
Detection of point sources in images is a fundamental operation in astrophysics, and is crucial for constraining population models of the underlying point sources or characterizing the background emission. Standard techniques fall short in…
We compare two rotationally invariant decomposition techniques on linear polarisation data: the spin-2 spherical harmonic decomposition in two opposite parities, the $E$- and $B$-mode, and the multiscale analysis of the gradient of linear…
The positron excess measured by PAMELA and AMS can only be explained if there is one or several sources injecting them. Moreover, at the highest energies, it requires the presence of nearby ($\sim$hundreds of parsecs) and middle age…
Missions such as WMAP or Planck measure full-sky fluctuations of the cosmic microwave background and foregrounds, among which bright compact source emissions cover a significant fraction of the sky. To accurately estimate the diffuse…
The IBEX-Lo instrument on the Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX) mission observes primary and secondary interstellar helium in its 4 lowest energy steps. Observations of these helium populations have been systematically analyzed and…
We present a method of reliably extracting the flux of individual sources from sky maps in the presence of noise and a source population in which number counts are a steeply falling function of flux. The method is an extension of a standard…
The extragalactic background light (EBL) is the relic emission of all processes of structure formation in the Universe. About half of this background, called the Cosmic Infrared Background (CIB) is emitted in the 8-1000 microns range, and…
Context: Reconnaissance of feasibility of detection of interstellar neutral D by the forthcoming NASA SMEX mission IBEX. Aims: To investigate by numerical simulations the absolute density and flux at Earth orbit of neutral interstellar D…
Mixture distributions are a workhorse model for multimodal data in information theory, signal processing, and machine learning. Yet even when each component density is simple, the differential entropy of the mixture is notoriously hard to…
Biological cells can release compounds into their direct environment, generally inhomogeneously over their cell membrane, after which the compounds spread by diffusion. In mathematical modelling and simulation of a collective of such cells,…
We present the analysis of serendipitous sources in a deep, 500 ksec, hard X-ray observation of the Coma cluster region with the IBIS instrument onboard INTEGRAL. In addition to the Coma cluster, the final 20-50 keV image contains 12…
Moment-based estimation filters have successfully aided spacecraft navigation for decades. However, future missions plan to venture into deep-space regimes with significant round-trip light-time telecommunication delays, operate in…
To shed more light on the nature of the observed Ly{\alpha} absorption during transits of HD 209458b and to quantify the major mechanisms responsible for the production of fast hydrogen atoms (the so called energetic neutral atoms, ENAs)…
The study of the extragalactic background light (EBL) is undergoing a renaissance. New results from very high energy experiments and deep space missions have broken the deadlock between the contradictory measurements in the optical and…