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The integration of information and physical systems in modern power grids has heightened vulnerabilities to False Data Injection Attacks (FDIAs), threatening the secure operation of power cyber-physical systems (CPS). This paper reviews…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Xiaoyong Bo

State estimation is a cornerstone of power system control-center operations, and its robust operation is increasingly a cyber-physical security concern as modern grids become more digitalized and communication-intensive. Neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Solon Falas , Markos Asprou , Charalambos Konstantinou , Maria K. Michael

Gradient-based adversarial attacks subtly manipulate inputs of Machine Learning (ML) models to induce incorrect predictions. This paper investigates whether careful architectural choices alone can yield an inherently robust Deep Neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Mohamed elShehaby , Ashraf Matrawy

This paper studies the vulnerability of large-scale power systems to false data injection (FDI) attacks through their physical consequences. Prior work has shown that an attacker-defender bi-level linear program (ADBLP) can be used to…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-03 Zhigang Chu , Jiazi Zhang , Oliver Kosut , Lalitha Sankar

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have been widely used in many fields such as images processing, speech recognition; however, they are vulnerable to adversarial examples, and this is a security issue worthy of attention. Because the training…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-08-08 Wenjian Luo , Chenwang Wu , Nan Zhou , Li Ni

Deep neural network (DNN) has demonstrated its success in multiple domains. However, DNN models are inherently vulnerable to adversarial examples, which are generated by adding adversarial perturbations to benign inputs to fool the DNN…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-07 Wenqi Wei , Ling Liu , Margaret Loper , Ka-Ho Chow , Emre Gursoy , Stacey Truex , Yanzhao Wu

Machine Learning (ML) algorithms have become increasingly popular for supporting Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS). Nevertheless, extensive research has shown their vulnerability to adversarial attacks, which involve subtle…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Andrea Venturi , Dario Stabili , Mirco Marchetti

Trajectory prediction using deep neural networks (DNNs) is an essential component of autonomous driving (AD) systems. However, these methods are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, leading to serious consequences such as collisions. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Yulong Cao , Danfei Xu , Xinshuo Weng , Zhuoqing Mao , Anima Anandkumar , Chaowei Xiao , Marco Pavone

Rising complexity of in-vehicle electronics is enabling new capabilities like autonomous driving and active safety. However, rising automation also increases risk of security threats which is compounded by lack of in-built security measures…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-22 Shashwat Khandelwal , Eashan Wadhwa , Shreejith Shanker

Deep Neural Network (DNN) models when implemented on executing devices as the inference engines are susceptible to Fault Injection Attacks (FIAs) that manipulate model parameters to disrupt inference execution with disastrous performance.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Chenan Wang , Pu Zhao , Siyue Wang , Xue Lin

In this paper a new class of cyber attacks against state estimation in the electric power grid is considered. This class of attacks is named false data injection attacks. We show that with the knowledge of the system configuration an…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-09-20 Muneer Mohammad

Deep neural network (DNN) architecture based models have high expressive power and learning capacity. However, they are essentially a black box method since it is not easy to mathematically formulate the functions that are learned within…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-03-02 Gaurav Goswami , Nalini Ratha , Akshay Agarwal , Richa Singh , Mayank Vatsa

Modern vehicles rely on electronic control units (ECUs) interconnected through the Controller Area Network (CAN), making in-vehicle communication a critical security concern. Machine learning (ML)-based intrusion detection systems (IDS) are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Nirab Hossain , Pablo Moriano

With the increasing amount of available data and advances in computing capabilities, deep neural networks (DNNs) have been successfully employed to solve challenging tasks in various areas, including healthcare, climate, and finance.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-12 Marcele O. K. Mendonça , Javier Maroto , Pascal Frossard , Paulo S. R. Diniz

Adversarial attacks hamper the functionality and accuracy of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) by meddling with subtle perturbations to their inputs.In this work, we propose a new Mask-based Adversarial Defense scheme (MAD) for DNNs to mitigate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-27 Weizhen Xu , Chenyi Zhang , Fangzhen Zhao , Liangda Fang

The wide deployment of Deep Neural Networks (DNN) in high-performance cloud computing platforms brought to light multi-tenant cloud field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA) as a popular choice of accelerator to boost performance due to its…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-12 Adnan Siraj Rakin , Yukui Luo , Xiaolin Xu , Deliang Fan

The security of energy supply in a power grid critically depends on the ability to accurately estimate the state of the system. However, manipulated power flow measurements can potentially hide overloads and bypass the bad data detection…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-16 Chenguang Wang , Kaikai Pan , Simon Tindemans , Peter Palensky

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are well-known to be vulnerable to Adversarial Examples (AEs). A large amount of efforts have been spent to launch and heat the arms race between the attackers and defenders. Recently, advanced gradient-based…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-05-29 Han Qiu , Yi Zeng , Qinkai Zheng , Tianwei Zhang , Meikang Qiu , Gerard Memmi

Intelligently designed false data injection (FDI) attacks have been shown to be able to bypass the $\chi^2$-test based bad data detector (BDD), resulting in physical consequences (such as line overloads) in the power system. In this paper,…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2019-05-08 Zhigang Chu , Andrea Pinceti , Reetam Sen Biswas , Oliver Kosut , Anamitra Pal , Lalitha Sankar

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are commonly used for various traffic analysis problems, such as website fingerprinting and flow correlation, as they outperform traditional (e.g., statistical) techniques by large margins. However, deep neural…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-02-18 Milad Nasr , Alireza Bahramali , Amir Houmansadr