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Most modern computing tasks have digital electronic input and output data. Due to these constraints imposed by real-world use cases of computer systems, any analog computing accelerator, whether analog electronic or optical, must perform an…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-01-02 James T. Meech , Vasileios Tsoutsouras , Phillip Stanley-Marbell

The switching speed and the write current required for spin-transfer-torque reversal of spintronic devices such as magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJ) currently hinder their wide implementation into memory and logic devices. This problem is…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-09-27 Kerem Yunus Camsari , Ahmed Zeeshan Pervaiz , Rafatul Faria , Ernesto E. Marinero , Supriyo Datta

While current-induced bistate spin-orbit torque (SOT) switching has been well established, deterministic electrical control of multiple magnetic states remains a central challenge in spintronics. Here, we realize a conceptually new…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-03-13 Fei Ye , Chunzheng Wang , Xue Zhang , Sihai Jiao , Zhongjie Wang , Long Cheng , Zhifeng Zhu , Chunlei Gao , Xiaofang Zhai

Recent years have witnessed growing interest in the use of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) for vision, classification, and inference problems. An artificial neuron sums N weighted inputs and passes the result through a non-linear transfer…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2016-11-18 Deliang Fan , Yong Shim , Anand Raghunathan , Kaushik Roy

Conventional analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) fail to capture high-dynamic-range (HDR) signals due to clipping. Modulo ADCs circumvent this limitation by folding the input prior to quantization and algorithmically reconstructing the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-01 Zeyuan Li , Wenyi Yan , Lu Gan , Guoquan Li , Hongqing Liu

Current-steering digital-to-analog converter (DAC) is a prominent architecture that is commonly used in high-speed applications such as optical communications. One of the shortcomings of this architecture is the output glitches that are…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-10 Ramin Babaee , Shahab Oveis Gharan , Martin Bouchard

This paper presents a 17 bit analogue-to-digital converter that incorporates mismatch and quantisation noise-shaping techniques into an energy-saving 10 bit successive approximation quantiser to increase the dynamic range by another 42 dB.…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2019-03-22 Lieuwe B. Leene , Shiva Letchumanan , Timothy G. Constandinou

This paper proposes and evaluates a novel architecture for a low-power Time-to-Digital Converter with high resolution, optimized for both integration in multichannel chips and high rate operation (40 Mconversion/s/channel). This converter…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-02 Florent Bouyjou

Analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) play a vital important role in any devices via manipulating analog signals in a digital manner. Given that the amplitude of the signal exceeds the dynamic range of the ADCs, clipping occurs and the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-28 Jiang Zhu , Junnan Ma , Zhenlong Liu , Fengzhong Qu , Zheng Zhu , Qi Zhang

The large-scale fabrication of three-terminal magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) with high yield is becoming increasingly crucial, especially with the growing interest in spin-orbit torque (SOT) magnetic random access memory (MRAM) as the…

The level crossing analog-to-digital converters are meant for the effective conversion of sparse signals by construction. In these converters, the bandwidth-power trade-off requires a re-design of the comparators which takes a lot of time…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-18 Lucas Moura Santana , Duarte Lopes de Oliveira , Lester de Abreu Faria

Emerging two-dimensional (2D) magnetic semiconductors represent transformative platforms to explore magneto-optics and opto-spintronic applications. Though 2D opto-spintronics has attracted tremendous research efforts in spin-dependent…

We explore spin-torque induced magnetic reversal in magnetic tunnel junctions using combined AC and DC spin-current pulses. We calculate the optimal pulse times and current strengths for both AC and DC pulses as well as the optimal AC…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2014-07-22 Tom Dunn , Alex Kamenev

Spin-orbit torque (SOT) represents an energy efficient method to control magnetization in magnetic memory devices. However, deterministically switching perpendicular memory bits usually requires the application of an additional bias field…

Applied Physics · Physics 2018-10-03 Qianchang Wang , John Domann , Guoqiang Yu , Anthony Barra , Kang L. Wang , Gregory P. Carman

We propose a novel digital-to-analog converter (DAC) weighting architecture that statistically minimizes the distortion caused by random timing mismatches among current sources. To decode the DAC input codewords into corresponding DAC…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-10 Ramin Babaee , Shahab Oveis Gharan , Martin Bouchard

Non-volatile memristors offer a salient platform for artificial neural network (ANN), but the integration of different function blocks into one hardware system remains challenging. Here we demonstrate the implementation of brain-like…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-05-22 Puyang Huang , Xinqi Liu , Yue Xin , Yu Gu , Albert Lee , Zhuo Xu , Peng Chen , Yu Zhang , Weijie Deng , Guoqiang Yu , Zhongkai Liu , Qi Yao , Yumeng Yang , Zhifeng Zhu , Xufeng Kou

Neuromorphic computing, inspired by the brain's parallel and energy-efficient processing, offers a transformative approach to artificial intelligence. In this study, we fabricated optimized spin-transfer torque nano-oscillators (STNOs) and…

The computational demands of modern AI have spurred interest in optical neural networks (ONNs) which offer the potential benefits of increased speed and lower power consumption. However, current ONNs face various challenges,most…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-01-29 Xiansong Meng , Deming Kong , Kwangwoong Kim , Qiuchi Li , Po Dong , Ingemar J. Cox , Christina Lioma , Hao Hu

Low resolution analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) can be employed to improve the energy efficiency (EE) of a wireless receiver since the power consumption of each ADC is exponentially related to its sampling resolution and the hardware…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-11 Aryan Kaushik , Christos Tsinos , Evangelos Vlachos , John Thompson

The need to digitize signals with intricate spectral characteristics often challenges traditional analog-to-digital converters (ADCs). The recently proposed modulo-ADC architecture offers a promising alternative by leveraging inherent…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-25 Amir Weiss