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The awareness and mitigation of biases are of fundamental importance for the fair and transparent use of contextual language models, yet they crucially depend on the accurate detection of biases as a precursor. Consequently, numerous bias…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-17 Silke Husse , Andreas Spitz

The meteoric rise in text generation capability has been accompanied by parallel growth in interest in machine-generated text detection: the capability to identify whether a given text was generated using a model or written by a person.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Kevin Stowe , Svetlana Afanaseva , Rodolfo Raimundo , Yitao Sun , Kailash Patil

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used to generate narrative content, including children's stories, which play an important role in social and cultural learning. Despite growing interest in AI safety and alignment, most existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Yuxuan Ouyang , yingfeng luo , JingBo Zhu , Tong Xiao

Multilingual large language models are designed, claimed, and expected to cater to speakers of varied languages. We hypothesise that the current practices of fine-tuning and evaluating these models may not perfectly align with this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Pinzhen Chen , Simon Yu , Zhicheng Guo , Barry Haddow

The same multi-word expressions may have different meanings in different sentences. They can be mainly divided into two categories, which are literal meaning and idiomatic meaning. Non-contextual-based methods perform poorly on this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-14 Zheng Chu , Ziqing Yang , Yiming Cui , Zhigang Chen , Ming Liu

Despite growing efforts to halt distasteful content on social media, multilingualism has added a new dimension to this problem. The scarcity of resources makes the challenge even greater when it comes to low-resource languages. This work…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Mohammad Zia Ur Rehman , Somya Mehta , Kuldeep Singh , Kunal Kaushik , Nagendra Kumar

Contemporary knowledge-based systems increasingly rely on multilingual emotion identification to support intelligent decision-making, yet they face major challenges due to emotional ambiguity and incomplete supervision. Emotion recognition…

The rapid proliferation of LLMs has created a critical evaluation paradox: while LLMs claim multilingual proficiency, comprehensive non-machine-translated benchmarks exist for fewer than 30 languages, leaving >98% of the world's 7,000…

This study finds that existing information retrieval (IR) models show significant biases based on the linguistic complexity of input queries, performing well on linguistically simpler (or more complex) queries while underperforming on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Jiali Cheng , Hadi Amiri

The human language can be expressed through multiple sources of information known as modalities, including tones of voice, facial gestures, and spoken language. Recent multimodal learning with strong performances on human-centric tasks such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Yao-Hung Hubert Tsai , Martin Q. Ma , Muqiao Yang , Ruslan Salakhutdinov , Louis-Philippe Morency

Rapid advancements in Large Language models (LLMs) has significantly enhanced their reasoning capabilities. Despite improved performance on benchmarks, LLMs exhibit notable gaps in their cognitive processes. Additionally, as reflections of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Ammar Shaikh , Raj Abhijit Dandekar , Sreedath Panat , Rajat Dandekar

Figures of speech help people express abstract concepts and evoke stronger emotions than literal expressions, thereby making texts more creative and engaging. Due to its pervasive and fundamental character, figurative language understanding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Huiyuan Lai , Antonio Toral , Malvina Nissim

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success in Natural Language Processing (NLP), yet their cross-lingual performance consistency remains a significant challenge. This paper introduces a novel methodology for efficiently…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Zixiang Xu , Yanbo Wang , Yue Huang , Xiuying Chen , Jieyu Zhao , Meng Jiang , Xiangliang Zhang

While preliminary findings indicate that multilingual LLMs exhibit reduced bias compared to monolingual ones, a comprehensive understanding of the effect of multilingual training on bias mitigation, is lacking. This study addresses this gap…

The rise of Large Language Models (LLMs) has revolutionized natural language processing across numerous languages and tasks. However, evaluating LLM performance in a consistent and meaningful way across multiple European languages remains…

Multilingual generative models obtain remarkable cross-lingual in-context learning capabilities through pre-training on large-scale corpora. However, they still exhibit a performance bias toward high-resource languages and learn isolated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Chong Li , Shaonan Wang , Jiajun Zhang , Chengqing Zong

Machine-translated benchmarks are widely used to assess the multilingual capabilities of large language models (LLMs), yet translation errors in these benchmarks remain underexplored, raising concerns about the reliability and comparability…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Klaudia-Doris Thellmann , Bernhard Stadler , Michael Färber , Jens Lehmann

NLVR2 (Suhr et al., 2019) was designed to be robust for language bias through a data collection process that resulted in each natural language sentence appearing with both true and false labels. The process did not provide a similar measure…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-24 Alane Suhr , Yoav Artzi

Studies in bias and fairness in natural language processing have primarily examined social biases within a single language and/or across few attributes (e.g. gender, race). However, biases can manifest differently across various languages…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-22 Sharon Levy , Neha Anna John , Ling Liu , Yogarshi Vyas , Jie Ma , Yoshinari Fujinuma , Miguel Ballesteros , Vittorio Castelli , Dan Roth

As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used as evaluators for natural language generation tasks, ensuring unbiased assessments is essential. However, LLM evaluators often display biased preferences, such as favoring verbosity and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Hawon Jeong , ChaeHun Park , Jimin Hong , Hojoon Lee , Jaegul Choo
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