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Related papers: Some reflections on the test-negative design

200 papers

The test-negative design has become popular for evaluating the effectiveness of post-licensure vaccines using observational data. In addition to its logistical convenience on data collection, the design is also believed to control for the…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-15 Soumyabrata Kundu , Peng Ding , Jingshu Wang , Xinran Li

This paper is a short extension of our previous paper [arXiv:2004.06033] about the use of the Test-Negative design to study risk factors for COVID-19 [See: PubMed and ArXiv reference below] Reason for the extension is that the conditions…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2021-06-08 Jan P Vandenbroucke , Elizabeth B Brickley , Christina M. J. E. Vandenbroucke-Grauls , Neil Pearce

Test-negative designs are widely used for post-market evaluation of vaccine effectiveness, particularly in cases when randomized trials are not feasible. Differing from classical test-negative designs where only healthcare-seekers with…

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an unprecedented response in terms of clinical research activity. An important part of this research has been focused on randomized controlled clinical trials to evaluate potential therapies for COVID-19.…

Test-negative designs (TNDs), a form of case-cohort study, are widely used to evaluate infectious disease interventions, notably for influenza and, more recently, COVID-19 vaccines. TNDs rely on recruiting individuals who are tested for the…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-29 Mengxin Yu , Nicholas P. Jewell

The test-negative design (TND) has become a standard approach to evaluate vaccine effectiveness against the risk of acquiring infectious diseases in real-world settings, such as Influenza, Rotavirus, Dengue fever, and more recently…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-03-09 Kendrick Qijun Li , Xu Shi , Wang Miao , Eric Tchetgen Tchetgen

The understanding of the public response to COVID-19 vaccines is the key success factor to control the COVID-19 pandemic. To understand the public response, there is a need to explore public opinion. Traditional surveys are expensive and…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2021-09-30 Amir Karami , Michael Zhu , Bailey Goldschmidt , Hannah R. Boyajieff , Mahdi M. Najafabadi

The sudden and rapid spread of the COVID_19 pandemic with its terrible consequences has put the management of governments and the various world institutions into a crisis. They have been subjected to a considerable economic effort to be…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-01-08 Rehana Naz , Andrew Omame , Mariano Torrisi

The test-negative design (TND) is widely used to evaluate vaccine effectiveness in real-world settings. In a TND study, individuals with similar symptoms who seek care are tested, and effectiveness is estimated by comparing vaccination…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-19 Christopher B. Boyer , Kendrick Qijun Li , Xu Shi , Eric J. Tchetgen Tchetgen

Test-negative designs with added controls have recently been proposed to study COVID-19. An individual is test-positive or test-negative accordingly if they took a test for a disease but tested positive or tested negative. Adding a control…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-05-15 Bikram Karmakar , Dylan Small

Clinical trials of a vaccine during an epidemic face particular challenges, such as the pressure to identify an effective vaccine quickly to control the epidemic, and the effect that time-space-varying infection incidence has on the power…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2021-05-21 Rob Johnson , Chris Jackson , Anne Presanis , Sofia S. Villar , Daniela De Angelis

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has spread rapidly across the world, leading to enormous amounts of human death and economic loss. Until definitive preventive or curative measures are developed, policies regarding testing,…

The historically rapid development of effective COVID-19 vaccines has policymakers facing evergreen public health questions regarding vaccination records and verification. Governments and institutions around the world are already taking…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-05-31 Divya Siddarth , Vi Hart , Bethan Cantrell , Kristina Yasuda , Josh Mandel , Karen Easterbrook

We develop a statistical model for the testing of disease prevalence in a population. The model assumes a binary test result, positive or negative, but allows for biases in sample selection and both type I (false positive) and type II…

Applications · Statistics 2021-12-28 Lucas Böttcher , Maria R. D'Orsogna , Tom Chou

From the moment the first COVID-19 vaccines are rolled out, there will need to be a large fraction of the global population ready in line. It is therefore crucial to start managing the growing global hesitancy to any such COVID-19 vaccine.…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-09-18 N. F. Johnson , N. Velasquez , R. Leahy , N. Johnson Restrepo , O. Jha , Y. Lupu

As a reaction to the pandemic of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a multitude of clinical trials for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 or the resulting corona disease (COVID-19) are globally at various stages from…

Applications · Statistics 2020-12-04 Jan Beyersmann , Tim Friede , Claudia Schmoor

COVID-19 testing, the cornerstone for effective screening and identification of COVID-19 cases, remains paramount as an intervention tool to curb the spread of COVID-19 both at local and national levels. However, the speed at which the…

Group testing is a screening strategy that involves dividing a population into several disjointed groups of subjects. In its simplest implementation, each group is tested with a single test in the first phase, while in the second phase only…

Policy responses to COVID-19, particularly those related to non-pharmaceutical interventions, are unprecedented in scale and scope. Epidemiologists are more involved in policy decisions and evidence generation than ever before. However,…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-04-20 Noah A Haber , Emma Clarke-Deelder , Joshua A Salomon , Avi Feller , Elizabeth A Stuart

The application and successful utilization of technological resources in developing solutions to health, safety, and economic issues caused by COVID-19 indicate the importance of technology in curbing COVID-19. Also, the medical field has…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-02-16 Manoj Muniswamaiah , Tilak Agerwala , Charles C. Tappert
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