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The motion of electrons in or near solids, liquids and gases can be tracked by forcing their ejection with attosecond x-ray pulses, derived from femtosecond lasers. The momentum of these emitted electrons carries the imprint of the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-06-14 C. W. Barlow-Myers , N. J. Pine , W. A. Bryan

The accelerated demand for electrochemical energy storage urges the need for new, sustainable, stable and lightweight materials able to store high energy densities rapidly and efficiently. Development of these functional materials requires…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2024-10-17 Mohamed Awadein , Abhishek Kumar , Yuqing Wang , Mingdong Dong , Stefan Müllegger , Georg Gramse

Exotic phenomenon can be achieved in quantum materials by confining electronic states into two dimensions. For example, relativistic fermions are realised in a single layer of carbon atoms, the quantized Hall effect can result from…

Surfaces are at the frontier of every known solid. They provide versatile supports for functional nanostructures and mediate essential physicochemical processes. Being intimately related with 2D materials, interfaces and atomically thin…

Electron energy loss spectroscopy is consolidating as a powerful tool to explore electronic (as well as vibrational) excitations of matter, including molecules. Performed in a scanning transmission electron microscope, this technique is…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2021-03-05 Ciro A. Guido , Enzo Rotunno , Matteo Zanfrognini , Stefano Corni , Vincenzo Grillo

Transmission electron diffraction is a powerful and versatile structural probe for the characterization of a broad range of materials, from nanocrystalline thin films to single crystals. With recent developments in fast electron detectors…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-10-06 Jian-Min Zuo , Renliang Yuan , Yu-Tsun Shao , Haw-Wen Hsiao , Saran Pidaparthy , Yang Hu , Qun Yang , Jiong Zhang

The simulation of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images or diffraction patterns is often required to interpret their contrast and extract specimen features. This is especially true for high-resolution phase-contrast imaging of…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-03-30 Jacob Madsen , Timothy J. Pennycook , Toma Susi

Despite decades of research, the ultimate goal of nanotechnology--top-down manipulation of individual atoms--has been directly achieved with only one technique: scanning probe microscopy. In this Review, we demonstrate that scanning…

Accurate determination of three-dimensional (3D) atomic structures is crucial for understanding and controlling the properties of nanomaterials. Atomic electron tomography (AET) offers non-destructive atomic imaging with picometer-level…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-06-23 Juhyeok Lee , Yongsoo Yang

Quantum computers hold promise to improve the efficiency of quantum simulations of materials and to enable the investigation of systems and properties more complex than tractable at present on classical architectures. Here, we discuss…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-03 Christian Vorwerk , Nan Sheng , Marco Govoni , Benchen Huang , Giulia Galli

The manipulation of quantum entanglement has found enormous potential for improving performances of devices such as gyroscopes, clocks, and even computers. Similar improvements have been demonstrated for lithography and microscopy. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Hwang Lee , Pieter Kok , Jonathan P. Dowling

The dynamics of photo-excited charge carriers, particularly their transport and interactions with defects and interfaces, play an essential role in determining the performance of a wide range of solar and optoelectronic devices. A thorough…

Materials Science · Physics 2017-08-07 Bolin Liao , Ebrahim Najafi

Quantum embedding theories are promising approaches to investigate strongly-correlated electronic states of active regions of large-scale molecular or condensed systems. Notable examples are spin defects in semiconductors and insulators. We…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-12-14 He Ma , Nan Sheng , Marco Govoni , Giulia Galli

In the quest for dynamic multimodal probing of a material's structure and functionality, it is critical to be able to quantify the chemical state on the atomic and nanoscale using element specific electronic and structurally sensitive tools…

The ability to probe and control matter at the picometer scale is essential for advancing quantum and energy technologies. Scanning transmission electron microscopy offers powerful capabilities for materials analysis and modification, but…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-07-01 Kevin M. Roccapriore , Frances M. Ross , Julian Klein

Ultrafast Electron Microscopy (UEM) has been demonstrated to be an effective table-top technique for imaging the temporally-evolving dynamics of matter with subparticle spatial resolution on the time scale of atomic motion. However, imaging…

Optics · Physics 2017-08-02 M. Th. Hassan , J. S. Baskin , B. Liao , A. H. Zewail

Coherent spin resonance methods such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy have led to spectrally highly sensitive, non-invasive quantum imaging techniques with groundbreaking applications in…

Excitons -- quasiparticles formed by the binding of an electron and a hole through electrostatic attraction -- hold promise in the fields of quantum light confinement and optoelectronic sensing. Atomically thin transition metal…

Quantum materials exhibit a wide array of exotic phenomena and practically useful properties. A better understanding of these materials can provide deeper insights into fundamental physics in the quantum realm as well as advance technology…