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Multilingual speech data often suffer from long-tailed language distribution, resulting in performance degradation. However, multilingual text data is much easier to obtain, yielding a more useful general language model. Hence, we are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Kwanghee Choi , Hyung-Min Park

Knowledge Distillation (KD) methods are capable of transferring the knowledge encoded in a large and complex teacher into a smaller and faster student. Early methods were usually limited to transferring the knowledge only between the last…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-05-05 Nikolaos Passalis , Maria Tzelepi , Anastasios Tefas

This paper explores the use of knowledge distillation to improve a Multi-Task Deep Neural Network (MT-DNN) (Liu et al., 2019) for learning text representations across multiple natural language understanding tasks. Although ensemble learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-23 Xiaodong Liu , Pengcheng He , Weizhu Chen , Jianfeng Gao

Knowledge distillation is a method of transferring the knowledge from a pretrained complex teacher model to a student model, so a smaller network can replace a large teacher network at the deployment stage. To reduce the necessity of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Mingi Ji , Seungjae Shin , Seunghyun Hwang , Gibeom Park , Il-Chul Moon

This paper studies the problem of pre-training for small models, which is essential for many mobile devices. Current state-of-the-art methods on this problem transfer the representational knowledge of a large network (as a Teacher) into a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Mingsheng Li , Lin Zhang , Mingzhen Zhu , Zilong Huang , Gang Yu , Jiayuan Fan , Tao Chen

Large language models (LLMs) excel in complex reasoning tasks, and distilling their reasoning capabilities into smaller models has shown promise. However, we uncover an interesting phenomenon, which we term the Small Model Learnability Gap:…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Yuetai Li , Xiang Yue , Zhangchen Xu , Fengqing Jiang , Luyao Niu , Bill Yuchen Lin , Bhaskar Ramasubramanian , Radha Poovendran

Knowledge distillation from Large Language Models (LLMs) to smaller models has emerged as a critical technique for deploying efficient AI systems. However, current methods for distillation via synthetic data lack pedagogical awareness,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Bowei He , Yankai Chen , Xiaokun Zhang , Linghe Kong , Philip S. Yu , Xue Liu , Chen Ma

The rise of Artificial Intelligence as a Service (AIaaS) democratizes access to pre-trained models via Application Programming Interfaces (APIs), but also raises a fundamental question: how can local models be effectively trained using…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Yasser Benigmim , Subhankar Roy , Khalid Oublal , Imad Eddine Marouf , Slim Essid , Vicky Kalogeiton , Stéphane Lathuilière

There is a growing discrepancy in computer vision between large-scale models that achieve state-of-the-art performance and models that are affordable in practical applications. In this paper we address this issue and significantly bridge…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Lucas Beyer , Xiaohua Zhai , Amélie Royer , Larisa Markeeva , Rohan Anil , Alexander Kolesnikov

Knowledge distillation (KD) is a well-known method for compressing neural models. However, works focusing on distilling knowledge from large multilingual neural machine translation (MNMT) models into smaller ones are practically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-20 Varun Gumma , Raj Dabre , Pratyush Kumar

Language models rely on semantic priors to perform in-context learning, which leads to poor performance on tasks involving inductive reasoning. Instruction-tuning methods based on imitation learning can superficially enhance the in-context…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Nafis Sadeq , Xin Xu , Zhouhang Xie , Julian McAuley , Byungkyu Kang , Prarit Lamba , Xiang Gao

Generative Language Models (GLMs) have shown impressive performance in tasks such as text generation, understanding, and reasoning. However, the large model size poses challenges for practical deployment. To solve this problem,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Minsoo Kim , Sihwa Lee , Janghwan Lee , Sukjin Hong , Du-Seong Chang , Wonyong Sung , Jungwook Choi

The knowledge of a well-trained deep neural network (a.k.a. the "teacher") is valuable for learning similar tasks. Knowledge distillation extracts knowledge from the teacher and integrates it with the target model (a.k.a. the "student"),…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-05 Han-Jia Ye , Su Lu , De-Chuan Zhan

Recent studies have demonstrated that Large Language Models (LLMs) have strong mathematical reasoning abilities but rely on hundreds of billions of parameters. To tackle the challenge of poor reasoning in Small Language Models (SLMs),…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Xinhe Li , Jiajun Liu , Peng Wang

Deep learning achieved great progress recently, however, it is not easy or efficient to further improve its performance by increasing the size of the model. Multi-modal learning can mitigate this challenge by introducing richer and more…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Cairong Zhao , Yufeng Jin , Zifan Song , Haonan Chen , Duoqian Miao , Guosheng Hu

Large neural models (such as Transformers) achieve state-of-the-art performance for information retrieval (IR). In this paper, we aim to improve distillation methods that pave the way for the resource-efficient deployment of such models in…

Knowledge distillation (KD) is commonly deemed as an effective model compression technique in which a compact model (student) is trained under the supervision of a larger pretrained model or an ensemble of models (teacher). Various…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-08 Fahad Sarfraz , Elahe Arani , Bahram Zonooz

Knowledge distillation (KD) is an effective model compression method that can transfer the internal capabilities of large language models (LLMs) to smaller ones. However, the multi-modal probability distribution predicted by teacher LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Tianyu Peng , Jiajun Zhang

The extra trust brought by the model interpretation has made it an indispensable part of machine learning systems. But to explain a distilled model's prediction, one may either work with the student model itself, or turn to its teacher…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-26 Jinchao Huang , Guofu Li , Zhicong Yan , Fucai Luo , Shenghong Li

Iterative generative models, such as noise conditional score networks and denoising diffusion probabilistic models, produce high quality samples by gradually denoising an initial noise vector. However, their denoising process has many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-08 Eric Luhman , Troy Luhman