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High temperature superconductivity in cuprates is realized by doping the Mott insulator with charge carriers. A central issue is how such an insulating state can evolve into a conducting or superconducting state when charge carriers are…
It is a distinct possibility that spin fluctuations are the pairing interactions in a wide range of unconventional superconductors. In the case of the high-transition-temperature (high-$T_c$) cuprates, in which superconductivity emerges…
I propose a superconductivity model, which is based on the assumption that stripes in high-Tc cuprates (a) exist and (b) organize themselves in a two-dimensional superstructure. The model describes hole states, which are localized either…
Cuprates exhibit exceptionally strong superconductivity. To understand why, it is essential to elucidate the nature of the electronic interactions that cause pairing. Superconductivity occurs on the backdrop of several underlying electronic…
The microscopic mechanism for the disappearance of superconductivity in overdoped cuprates is still under heated debate. Here we use scanning tunneling spectroscopy to investigate the evolution of quasiparticle interference phenomenon in…
In conventional metal superconductors such as aluminum, the large number of weakly bounded Cooper pairs become phase coherent as soon as they start to form. The cuprate high critical temperature ($T_c$) superconductors, in contrast, belong…
We analyze pseudogap phenomena widely observed in the underdoped cuprates. We assume the existence of a strong d-wave pairing force competing with antiferromagnetic(AFM) fluctuations and the formation of flat and damped dispersion around…
We discuss the physics of the high temperature superconductivity in hole doped copper oxide ceramics in the pseudogap region. Starting from an effective reduced Hamiltonian relevant to the dynamics of holes injected into the copper oxide…
High temperature superconductivity in cuprates arises from doping a parent Mott insulator by electrons or holes. A central issue is how the Mott gap evolves and the low-energy states emerge with doping. Here we report angle-resolved…
We have been able to resolve two long-standing issues that are central to the theory of high Tc superconductivity: (1) How is the physics of the doped region connected to that of the Mott insulator? (2) What is the origin of the…
Although the mechanism of superconductivity in the cuprates remains elusive, it is generally agreed that at the heart of the problem is the physics of doped Mott insulators. The cuprate parent compound has one unpaired electron per Cu site,…
Infrared reflectance measurements were made with light polarized along the a- and c-axis of both superconducting and antiferromagnetic phases of electron doped Nd$_{1.85}$Ce$_{.15}$CuO$_{4+\delta}$. The results are compared to…
We study the doping evolution of the electronic structure in the pseudogap state of high-Tc cuprate superconductors, by means of a cluster extension of the dynamical mean-field theory applied to the two-dimensional Hubbard model. The…
The extended $t-J$ model is theoretically studied, in the context of hole underdoped cuprates. Based on results obtained by recent numerical studies, we identify the mean field state having both the antiferromagnetic and staggered flux…
We study pseudogap phenomena and Fermi-arc formation experimentally observed in typical two dimensional doped Mott insulators, namely, underdoped cuprate superconductors. To develop a physically unequivocal theory, we start from the…
We present in-plane infrared reflectance measurement on two superconducting cuprates with relatively low T$_c$: a nearly optimally-doped Bi$_2$Sr$_{1.6}$La$_{0.4}$CuO$_{6+\delta}$ with T$_c$=33 K and an underdoped…
One of the most widely discussed features of the cuprate high Tc superconductors is the presence of a pseudogap in the normal state. Recent transport and specific heat measurements have revealed an abrupt transition at the pseudogap…
The relationship between the pseudogap and superconductivity remains a central puzzle in the physics of cuprates. Hydrostatic pressure provides a clean tuning parameter free from chemical disorder, yet probing the microscopic energy scales…
Spatially extended aggregates of dopants are ubiquitous in a plethora of granular superconductors, forming a droplet network that is very important to their characterization and to the description of their superconducting properties. At the…
Interrelation between the two-particle and mean-field problems is used to describe the strong pseudogap and superconducting states in cuprates. We present strong pseudogap state as off-diagonal short-range order (ODSRO) originating from…