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We use QCD sum-rules to predict ground state masses for pseudoscalar ($J^{PC}=0^{-+}$) charmonium and bottomonium hybrids. We find that the inclusion of a six-dimensional gluon condensate contribution is needed to stabilize the analyses.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2013-04-04 D. Harnett , R. Berg , R. T. Kleiv , T. G. Steele

In this article, we study the $J^{PC}=0^{++}$ and $2^{++}$ $QQ\bar{Q}\bar{Q}$ tetraquark states with the QCD sum rules, and obtain the predictions $M_{X(cc\bar{c}\bar{c},0^{++})} =5.99\pm0.08\,\rm{GeV}$, $M_{X(cc\bar{c}\bar{c},2^{++})}…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-07-03 Zhi-Gang Wang

In this article, we systematically construct hidden- and open-strange pentaquarks in the hadronic molecular picture to search for possible partners of hadronic molecular state multiplets in the strange quark sector using QCD sum rules.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-10-21 Di Ben , Sheng-Qi Zhang

Hybrid mesons occupy a unique position in the hadronic spectrum, offering a valuable insight into the non-perturbative nature of the glue field. Hybrid states with exotic $J^{PC}$ quantum numbers, such as the $1^{-+}$, $0^{+-}$ and…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-07-24 Bing Chen , Xiang Liu

Within QCD, colourless states may be constructed corresponding to exotic matter outside of the traditional quark model. Experiments have recently observed tetraquark and pentaquark states, but no definitive hybrid meson signals have been…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-09-21 Jason Ho , Derek Harnett , Tom Steele

In this article, we construct the six-quark currents with the $J^P=0^+$, $0^-$, $1^+$ and $1^-$ to study the $\Lambda_c$$\Lambda_c$ dibaryon and $\Lambda_c$$\bar{\Lambda}_c$ baryonium states via QCD sum rules. We consider the vacuum…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-10-15 Xiu-Wu Wang , Zhi-Gang Wang , Guo-liang Yu

We study the tetraquark states with I^G J^{PC}=1^- 1^{-+} in the QCD sum rule. After exhausting all possible flavor structures, we analyses both the SVZ and finite energy sum rules. Both approaches lead to a mass around 1.6 GeV for the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-12-18 Hua-Xing Chen , Atsushi Hosaka , Shi-Lin Zhu

We estimate the ground state masses of the heavy hybrid mesons using a phenomenological QCD-type potential. 0^{- -},1^{- -},0^{- +},1^{- +} and 0^{+ -} J^{PC} states are considered.

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 F. Iddir , L. Semlala

We present an analysis of the light tensor ($J^{PC}=2^{++}$) hybrid meson mass and coupling from QCD Laplace Sum Rules where the next-to-leading order (NLO) perturbative (PT) corrections and the contributions of the non-perturbative (NP)…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-03-27 Jason Ho , Robin Kleiv , Siyuan Li , Stephan Narison , Tom Steele , Davidson Rabetiarivony

In the framework of QCD Sum Rules we investigate the $q q^\prime \bar{Q} \bar{Q}$ tetraquark structure with quantum number $J^P = 1^+$, which are embedded in two types of configurations, the $[8_c]_{q \bar{Q}} \otimes [8_c]_{q^\prime…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-06-24 Liang Tang , Bin-Dong Wan , Kim Maltman , Cong-Feng Qiao

Since gluons in QCD are interacting fundamental constituents just as quarks are, we expect that in addition to mesons made from a quark and an antiquark, there should also be glueballs and hybrids (bound states of quarks, antiquarks and…

We study the spectra of the hybrid mesons containing one heavy quark ($q\bar{Q}g$) within the framework of QCD sum rules in the heavy quark limit. The derived sum rules are stable with the variation of the Borel parameter within their…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-01-14 Peng-Zhi Huang , Shi-Lin Zhu

The interesting state X(1600) with $J^{PC}I^G=2^{++}2^+$ can't be a conventional $q \bar q$ meson in the quark model. Using a mixed interpolating current with different color configurations, we investigate the possible existence of X(1600)…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2010-11-05 W. Wei , L. Zhang , Shi-Lin Zhu

We study $\bar qq$-hybrid mixing for the light vector mesons and $\bar qq$-glueball mixing for the light scalar mesons in Monte-Carlo based QCD Laplace sum rules. By calculating the two-point correlation function of a vector $\bar…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-01-29 Ze-Sheng Chen , Zhu-Feng Zhang , Zhuo-Ran Huang , T. G. Steele , Hong-Ying Jin

The lowest dimension three-gluon currents that couple to the exotic $0^{\pm-}$ glueballs have been constructed using the helicity formalism. Based on the constructed currents, we obtain new QCD SRs that have been used to extract the masses…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-12-27 Alexandr Pimikov , Hee-Jung Lee , Nikolai Kochelev , Pengming Zhang , Viachaslau Khandramai

The colored objects -- quarks and gluons -- being confined in a small volume $V\sim R_0^3,$ $R_0\sim 0.5$fm inside the QCD bound state get there not small masses $m_{q\bar q}\sim 1$GeV, $m_g\sim 0.5$GeV. This drastically simplifies the QCD…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 K. A. Ter-Martirosyan

Based on the diquark configuration, we construct the diquark-antidiquark interpolating tetraquark currents with $J^{PC}=1^{-\pm}$ and $1^{+\pm}$, which can couple to the scalar and pseudoscalar tetraquark states respectively, since they are…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2018-06-25 Zun-Yan Di , Zhi-Gang Wang

We report on the calculation of the Quarkonium Hybrid masses for the $cg\bar{c}$, $bg\bar{c}$ and $bg\bar{b}$ systems~\cite{hbrpaper}. A QCD analog of the Born-Oppenheimer approximation including the $\Lambda$--doubling terms has been used.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-10-23 Jaume Tarrús Castellà

Using the method of QCD Sum Rules we estimate the energy of lowest energy top quark meson state with a hybrid admixture. This new estimate uses the previous estimates of hybrid charmonium and upsilon states, but with the mass of the top…

General Physics · Physics 2020-01-22 Leonard S. Kisslinger , Debasish Das

We calculate the coefficients of the dimension-8 quark and gluon condensates in the current-current correlator of $1^{-+}$ light hybrid current $g\bar{q}(x)\gamma_{\nu}iG_{\mu\nu}(x)q{(x)}$. With inclusion of these higher-power corrections…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-03-26 Zhuo-Ran Huang , Hong-Ying Jin , Zhu-Feng Zhang