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Conversational AI is increasingly deployed in emotionally charged and ethically sensitive interactions. Previous research has primarily concentrated on emotional benchmarks or static safety checks, overlooking how alignment unfolds in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Jiawen Deng , Wentao Zhang , Ziyun Jiao , Fuji Ren

Clinical communication skills are essential for preparing healthcare professionals to provide equitable care across cultures. However, traditional training with simulated patients can be resource intensive and difficult to scale, especially…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Sandro Radovanović , Shuangyu Li

Conversational chatbots are Artificial Intelligence (AI)-powered applications that assist users with various tasks by responding in natural language and are prevalent across different industries. Most of the chatbots that we encounter on…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-12-17 Sarada Devaram

The rapid convergence of artificial intelligence (AI) toward conversational chatbot interfaces marks a critical moment for the industry. This paper argues that the chatbot paradigm is not a neutral interface choice, but a dominant…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Sourojit Ghosh , Pranav Narayanan Venkit , Sanjana Gautam , Avijit Ghosh

Emerging reports of the harms caused to children and adults by AI sycophancy and by parasocial ties with chatbots point to an urgent need for safeguards against such risks. Yet, preventing such dynamics is challenging: parasocial cues often…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Emma Rath , Stuart Armstrong , Rebecca Gorman

As AI chatbots shift from tools to companions, critical questions arise: who controls the conversation in human-AI chatrooms? This paper explores perceived human and AI agency in sustained conversation. We report a month-long longitudinal…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Bhada Yun , Evgenia Taranova , April Yi Wang

Current conversational agents (CA) have seen improvement in conversational quality in recent years due to the influence of large language models (LLMs) like GPT3. However, two key categories of problem remain. Firstly there are the unique…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Alex Clay , Eduardo Alonso , Esther Mondragón

Chatbots are emerging as a promising platform for accessing and delivering healthcare services. The evidence is in the growing number of publicly available chatbots aiming at taking an active role in the provision of prevention, diagnosis,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-11-13 Mlađan Jovanović , Marcos Baez , Fabio Casati

Surveys and interviews are widely used for collecting insights on emerging or hypothetical scenarios. Traditional human-led methods often face challenges related to cost, scalability, and consistency. Recently, various domains have begun to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Jiangbo Yu , Jinhua Zhao , Luis Miranda-Moreno , Matthew Korp

Our research project (CHATTERS) is about designing a conversational robot for children's digital information search. We want to design a robot with a suitable conversation, that fosters a responsible trust relationship between child and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Thomas Beelen , Ella Velner , Roeland Ordelman , Khiet P. Truong , Vanessa Evers , Theo Huibers

Human-like AI agents such as robots and chatbots are becoming increasingly popular, but they present a variety of ethical concerns. The first concern is in how we define humanness, and how our definition impacts communities historically…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Naba Rizvi , Taggert Smith , Tanvi Vidyala , Mya Bolds , Harper Strickland , Andrew Begel , Rua Williams , Imani Munyaka

The creation and support of Embodied Conversational Agents (ECAs) has been quite challenging, as features required might not be straight-forward to implement and to integrate in a single application. Furthermore, ECAs as desktop…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2018-11-15 Gerard Llorach , Josep Blat

Conversational recommender systems (CRS) have advanced with large language models, showing strong results in domains like movies. These domains typically involve fixed content and passive consumption, where user preferences can be matched…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Zheng Hui , Xiaokai Wei , Yexi Jiang , Kevin Gao , Chen Wang , Frank Ong , Se-eun Yoon , Rachit Pareek , Michelle Gong

Large language models, e.g. ChatGPT are currently contributing enormously to make artificial intelligence even more popular, especially among the general population. However, such chatbot models were developed as tools to support natural…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Jianlong Zhou , Heimo Müller , Andreas Holzinger , Fang Chen

Most online information sources are text-based and in Western Languages like English. However, many new and first time users of the Internet are in contexts with low English proficiency and are unable to access vital information online.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-11-29 Anurag Aribandi , Divyanshu Agrawal , Dipanjan Chakraborty

Efforts have been made to make machines converse like humans in the past few decades. The recent techniques of Large Language Models (LLMs) make it possible to have human-like conversations with machines, but LLM's flaws of lacking…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Yankai Zeng

Conversational AI (CAI) systems which encompass voice- and text-based assistants are on the rise and have been largely integrated into people's everyday lives. Despite their widespread adoption, users voice concerns regarding privacy,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Anna Leschanowsky , Silas Rech , Birgit Popp , Tom Bäckström

Emphasizing problem formulation in AI literacy activities with children is vital, yet we lack empirical studies on their structure and affordances. We propose that participatory design involving teachable machines facilitates problem…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-03-01 Utkarsh Dwivedi , Salma Elsayed-Ali , Elizabeth Bonsignore , Hernisa Kacorri

Dialogue Systems are tools designed for various practical purposes concerning human-machine interaction. These systems should be built on ethical foundations because their behavior may heavily influence a user (think especially about…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-09-20 Abeer Dyoub , Stefania Costantini , Ivan Letteri , Francesca A. Lisi

Supporting users in protecting sensitive information when using conversational agents (CAs) is crucial, as users may undervalue privacy protection due to outdated, partial, or inaccurate knowledge about privacy in CAs. Although privacy…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Mohammad Hadi Nezhad , Francisco Enrique Vicente Castro , Ivon Arroyo
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