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A realization of a graph $G=(V,E)$ is a map $v\colon V\to\Bbb R^d$ that assigns to each vertex a point in $d$-dimensional Euclidean space. We study graph realizations from the perspective of representation theory (expressing certain…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-09-04 Martin Winter

We define the \emph{visual complexity} of a plane graph drawing to be the number of basic geometric objects needed to represent all its edges. In particular, one object may represent multiple edges (e.g., one needs only one line segment to…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2018-09-10 Gregor Hültenschmidt , Philipp Kindermann , Wouter Meulemans , André Schulz

A resolving set in a graph $G$ is a vertex subset $W= \{\omega^1, \dots, \omega^n\} \subseteq V(G)$ such that each $u \in V(G)$ can be uniquely identified by the vector $r(u \vert W) = (d(u,\omega^1), \dots, d(u,\omega^n))$ of metric…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-06 Víctor Franco-Sánchez , Mercè Mora , María Luz Puertas

We study the problem of detecting the presence of an underlying high-dimensional geometric structure in a random graph. Under the null hypothesis, the observed graph is a realization of an Erd\H{o}s-R\'enyi random graph $G(n,p)$. Under the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-11-24 Sébastien Bubeck , Jian Ding , Ronen Eldan , Miklós Rácz

If $x\in V(G)$, then $S\subseteq V(G)\setminus\{x\}$ is an $x$-visibility set if for any $y\in S$ there exists a shortest $x,y$-path avoiding $S$. The $x$-visibility number $v_x(G)$ is the maximum cardinality of an $x$-visibility set, and…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Dhanya Roy , Gabriele Di Stefano , Sandi Klavžar , Aparna Lakshmanan S

Rigidity theory studies the properties of graphs that can have rigid embeddings in a euclidean space $\mathbb{R}^d$ or on a sphere and which in addition satisfy certain edge length constraints. One of the major open problems in this field…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2021-02-05 Evangelos Bartzos , Ioannis Z. Emiris , Jan Legerský , Elias Tsigaridas

Visibility problems have been investigated for a long time under different assumptions as they pose challenging combinatorial problems and are connected to robot navigation problems. The mutual-visibility problem in a graph $G$ of $n$…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Davide Bilò , Alessia Di Fonso , Gabriele Di Stefano , Stefano Leucci

A drawing of a graph is said to be a {\em straight-line drawing} if the vertices of $G$ are represented by distinct points in the plane and every edge is represented by a straight-line segment connecting the corresponding pair of vertices…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-03-08 V S Padmini Mukkamala

In this article, we analyze the limiting eigenvalue distribution (LED) of random geometric graphs (RGGs). The RGG is constructed by uniformly distributing $n$ nodes on the $d$-dimensional torus $\mathbb{T}^d \equiv [0, 1]^d$ and connecting…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2019-10-22 Mounia Hamidouche , Laura Cottatellucci , Konstantin Avrachenkov

Let $G_n$ be a random geometric graph with vertex set $[n]$ based on $n$ i.i.d.\ random vectors $X_1,\ldots,X_n$ drawn from an unknown density $f$ on $\R^d$. An edge $(i,j)$ is present when $\|X_i -X_j\| \le r_n$, for a given threshold…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-11-23 Caelan Atamanchuk , Luc Devroye , Gabor Lugosi

For a connected graph $G$ and $X\subseteq V(G)$, we say that two vertices $u$, $v$ are $X$-visible if there is a shortest $u,v$-path $P$ with $V(P)\cap X \subseteq \{u,v\}$. If every two vertices from $X$ are $X$-visible, then $X$ is a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-27 Pakanun Dokyeesun , Csilla Bujtás

A distinguishing r-vertex-labelling (resp. r-edge-labelling) of an undirected graph G is a mapping $\lambda$ from the set of vertices (resp. the set of edges) of G to the set of labels {1,. .. , r} such that no non-trivial automorphism of G…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2020-05-18 Kahina Meslem , Eric Sopena

Recently there has been increased interest in fitting generative graph models to real-world networks. In particular, Bl\"asius et al. have proposed a framework for systematic evaluation of the expressivity of random graph models. We extend…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Benjamin Dayan , Marc Kaufmann , Ulysse Schaller

In this work we perform a detailed statistical analysis of topological and spectral properties of random geometric graphs (RGGs); a graph model used to study the structure and dynamics of complex systems embedded in a two dimensional space.…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2020-10-21 R. Aguilar-Sanchez , J. A. Mendez-Bermudez , Francisco A. Rodrigues , Jose M. Sigarreta

The Straightness is a measure designed to characterize a pair of vertices in a spatial graph. It is defined as the ratio of the Euclidean distance to the graph distance between these vertices. It is often used as an average, for instance to…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2023-05-12 Vincent Labatut

In a graph G, the cardinality of the smallest ordered set of vertices that distinguishes every element of V (G) (resp. E(G)) is called the vertex (resp. edge) metric dimension of G. In [16] it was shown that both vertex and edge metric…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-04-02 Jelena Sedlar , Riste Škrekovski

This work addresses a modification of the random geometric graph (RGG) model by considering a set of points uniformly and independently distributed on the surface of a $(d-1)$-sphere with radius $r$ in a $d-$dimensional Euclidean space,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-10-03 Alfonso Allen-Perkins

Let $G=(V(G),E(G))$ be a simple graph, and let $U\subseteq V(G)$. Two distinct vertices $x,y\in U$ are $U$-mutually visible if $G$ contains a shortest $x$-$y$ path that is internally disjoint from $U$. $U$ is called a mutual-visibility set…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-06-04 J. Leaños , M. Lomelí-Haro , Christophe Ndjatchi , L. M. Ríos-Castro

A simple graph G is said to be representable in a real vector space of dimension m if there is an embedding of the vertex set in the vector space such that the Euclidean distance between any two distinct vertices is one of only two distinct…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-05-30 Aidan Roy

Orthogonal drawings, i.e., embeddings of graphs into grids, are a classic topic in Graph Drawing. Often the goal is to find a drawing that minimizes the number of bends on the edges. A key ingredient for bend minimization algorithms is the…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2021-06-11 Lukas Barth , Benjamin Niedermann , Ignaz Rutter , Matthias Wolf