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Related papers: Personalized Decision Making -- A Conceptual Intro…

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An evolving population, in which individual members (`agents') adapt their behaviour according to past experience, is of central importance to many disciplines. Because of their limited knowledge and capabilities, agents are forced to make…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-31 Neil F. Johnson , Pak Ming Hui , Rob Jonson , Ting Shek Lo

Personalised medicine strives to identify the right treatment for the right patient at the right time, integrating different types of biological and environmental information. Such information come from a variety of sources: omics data…

Applications · Statistics 2014-01-14 Marco Scutari

The past decade has witnessed a dramatically growing interest in collective intelligence - the phenomenon of groups having an ability to make more accurate decisions than isolated individuals. However, the vast majority of studies to date…

Other Quantitative Biology · Quantitative Biology 2023-12-06 Albert B. Kao , Shoubhik Banerjee , Fritz Francisco , Andrew M. Berdahl

Unaided human decision making appears to systematically violate consistency constraints imposed by normative theories; these biases in turn appear to justify the application of formal decision-analytic models. It is argued that both claims…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-04-08 Marvin S. Cohen

The analysis of decision making under uncertainty is closely related to the analysis of probabilistic inference. Indeed, much of the research into efficient methods for probabilistic inference in expert systems has been motivated by the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-03-25 Ross D. Shachter , Mark Alan Peot

We investigate inferring individual preferences and the contradiction of individual preferences with group preferences through direct measurement of the brain. We report an experiment where brain activity collected from 31 participants…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-12-18 Keith M. Davis , Michiel Spapé , Tuukka Ruotsalo

In many mobile health interventions, treatments should only be delivered in a particular context, for example when a user is currently stressed, walking or sedentary. Even in an optimal context, concerns about user burden can restrict which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-04 Sabina Tomkins , Predrag Klasnja , Susan Murphy

The goal of this article is to investigate how human participants allocate their limited time to decisions with different properties. We report the results of two behavioral experiments. In each trial of the experiments, the participant…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2016-07-20 Arash Khodadadi , Pegah Fakhari , Jerome R. Busemeyer

Policy learning can be used to extract individualized treatment regimes from observational data in healthcare, civics, e-commerce, and beyond. One big hurdle to policy learning is a commonplace lack of overlap in the data for different…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-12-04 Nathan Kallus

Decisions are often made by heterogeneous groups of individuals, each with distinct initial biases and access to information of different quality. We show that in large groups of independent agents who accumulate evidence the first to…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-01-03 Samantha Linn , Sean D. Lawley , Bhargav R. Karamched , Zachary P. Kilpatrick , Krešimir Josić

Personalization despite being an effective solution to the problem information overload remains tricky on account of multiple dimensions to consider. Furthermore, the challenge of avoiding overdoing personalization involves estimation of a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2017-11-09 Arjumand Younus , Muhammad Atif Qureshi

Sequential decision-making algorithms such as multi-armed bandits can find optimal personalized decisions, but are notoriously sample-hungry. In personalized medicine, for example, training a bandit from scratch for every patient is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Ahmet Zahid Balcıoğlu , Newton Mwai , Emil Carlsson , Fredrik D. Johansson

Parameters of sub-populations can be more relevant than super-population ones. For example, a healthcare provider may be interested in the effect of a treatment plan for a specific subset of their patients; policymakers may be concerned…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-03-22 Ying Jin , Dominik Rothenhäusler

Opinion dynamics concerns social processes through which populations or groups of individuals agree or disagree on specific issues. As such, modelling opinion dynamics represents an important research area that has been progressively…

Physics and Society · Physics 2013-09-06 Alina Sîrbu , Vittorio Loreto , Vito D. P. Servedio , Francesca Tria

Novice and expert users have different systematic preferences in task-oriented dialogues. However, whether catering to these preferences actually improves user experience and task performance remains understudied. To investigate the effects…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Li Siyan , Jason Zhang , Akash Maharaj , Yuanming Shi , Yunyao Li

Politically divided societies are also often divided emotionally: people like and trust those with similar political views (in-group favoritism) while disliking and distrusting those with different views (out-group animosity). This…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Buddhika Nettasinghe , Allon G. Percus , Kristina Lerman

News recommendation and personalization is not a solved problem. People are growing concerned of their data being collected in excess in the name of personalization and the usage of it for purposes other than the ones they would think…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-09-16 Reshma Narayanan Kutty , Claudia Orellana-Rodriguez , Igor Brigadir , Ernesto Diaz-Aviles

Recent advances in AI models have increased the integration of AI-based decision aids into the human decision making process. To fully unlock the potential of AI-assisted decision making, researchers have computationally modeled how humans…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Zhuoyan Li , Ming Yin

In this paper we propose a dynamical interpretation of the sociological distinction between large and small groups of interacting individuals. In the former case individual behaviors are largely dominated by the group effect, while in the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2008-07-28 Timoteo Carletti , Duccio Fanelli , Alessio Guarino , Andrea Guazzini

We study the problem of learning to choose from m discrete treatment options (e.g., news item or medical drug) the one with best causal effect for a particular instance (e.g., user or patient) where the training data consists of passive…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-08-02 Nathan Kallus