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This paper studies satisfaction of temporal properties on unknown stochastic processes that have continuous state spaces. We show how reinforcement learning (RL) can be applied for computing policies that are finite-memory and deterministic…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-29 Milad Kazemi , Sadegh Soudjani

As nanoelectronics approaches the nanometer scale, a massive effort is underway to identify the next scalable logic technology beyond Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) computing. Such computing technology needs to improve…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-03-07 Sasikanth Manipatruni , Dmitri E. Nikonov , Ramamoorthy Ramesh , Huichu Li , Ian A. Young

The internalization of chain-of-thought processes into hidden states has emerged as a highly efficient paradigm for scaling test-time compute. However, existing activation steering methods rely on static control vectors that fail to adapt…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Zhenning Shi , Yijia Zhu , Junhan Shi , Xun Zhang , Lei Wang , Congcong Miao

In this paper, we introduce SCRAMBLE, as a novel logic locking solution for sequential circuits while the access to the scan chain is restricted. The SCRAMBLE could be used to lock an FSM by hiding its state transition graph (STG) among a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-05-26 Hadi Mardani Kamali , Kimia Zamiri Azar , Houman Homayoun , Avesta Sasan

We discuss the implementation of quantum logic in a system of strongly interacting particles. The implementation is qubitless since ``logical qubits'' don't correspond to any physical two-state subsystems. As an illustration, we present the…

Non-volatile Neuromorphic Computing (NC) elements utilizing Spin Orbit Torque (SOT) provide a viable solution to alleviate the memory wall bottleneck in contemporary computing systems. However, the two challenges, low SOT efficiency and the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-01-26 Badsha Sekh , Hasibur Rahaman , Subhakanta Das , Mitali , Ramu Maddu , Kesavan Jawahar , S. N. Piramanayagam

A non-volatile SRAM cell is proposed for low power applications using Spin Transfer Torque-Magnetic Tunnel Junction (STT-MTJ) devices. This novel cell offers non-volatile storage, thus allowing selected blocks of SRAM to be switched off…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2019-10-11 Kanika Monga , Akul Malhotra , Nitin Chaturvedi , S. Gurunayaranan

Resistive random-access memory (RRAM) is gaining popularity due to its ability to offer computing within the memory and its non-volatile nature. The unique properties of RRAM, such as binary switching, multi-state switching, and device…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Simranjeet Singh , Farhad Merchant , Sachin Patkar

We propose a concept of magnetic logic circuits engineering, which takes an advantage of magnetization as a computational state variable and exploits spin waves for information transmission. The circuits consist of magneto-electric cells…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-05-20 Alexander Khitun , Kang L. Wang

This paper experimentally demonstrates a near-crossbar memory logic technique called Pinatubo. Pinatubo, an acronym for Processing In Non-volatile memory ArchiTecture for bUlk Bitwise Operations, facilitates the concurrent activation of two…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Noa Aflalo , Eilam Yalon , Shahar Kvatinsky

Simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) is a foundational state estimation problem in robotics in which a robot accurately constructs a map of its environment while also localizing itself within this construction. We study the active…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Ilir Gusija , Fady Alajaji , Serdar Yüksel

Deterministic magnetization switching using spin-orbit torque (SOT) has recently emerged as an efficient means to electrically control the magnetic state of ultrathin magnets. The SOT switching still lacks in oscillatory switching…

A protocol is proposed to generate singlet states of three logical qubits constructed by pairs of spins. Single and multiple operations of logical qubits are studied for the construction of an effective Hamiltonian, with which robust…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-22 Yi-Hao Kang , Zhi-Cheng Shi , Jie Song , Yan Xia

Neuromorphic computing, which seeks to replicate the brain's ability to process information, has garnered significant attention due to its potential to achieve brain-like computing efficiency and human cognitive intelligence. Spin-orbit…

Applied Physics · Physics 2024-12-25 Cuimei Cao , Wei Duan , Xiaoyu Feng , Yan Xu , Yihan Wang , Zhenzhong Yang , Qingfeng Zhan , Long You

The discovery of the spin torque effect has made magnetic nanodevices realistic candidates for active elements of memory devices and applications. Magnetoresistive effects allow the read-out of increasingly small magnetic bits, and the spin…

Materials Science · Physics 2014-01-07 Nicolas Locatelli , Vincent Cros , Julie Grollier

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) solve complex tasks by generating long Chain-of-Thought (CoT) sequences; however, the emergent dynamics governing reasoning trajectories are not well understood and can lead to inconsistencies and reasoning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 G M Shahariar , Erfan Shayegani , Ali Nazari , Nael Abu-Ghazaleh

The Chain-of-Thought (CoT) paradigm has emerged as a critical approach for enhancing the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs). However, despite their widespread adoption and success, CoT methods often exhibit instability…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-06 Yu Wang , Shiwan Zhao , Zhihu Wang , Heyuan Huang , Ming Fan , Yubo Zhang , Zhixing Wang , Haijun Wang , Ting Liu

Memtranstor that correlates charge and magnetic flux via nonlinear magnetoelectric effects has a great potential in developing next-generation nonvolatile devices. In addition to multi-level nonvolatile memory, we demonstrate here that…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2017-01-04 Jianxin Shen , Dashan Shang , Yisheng Chai , Yue Wang , Junzhuang Cong , Shipeng Shen , Liqin Yan , Wenhong Wang , Young Sun

The emerging memristive Memory Processing Unit (mMPU) overcomes the memory wall through memristive devices that unite storage and logic for real processing-in-memory (PIM) systems. At the core of the mMPU is stateful logic, which is…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-07-01 Orian Leitersdorf , Ronny Ronen , Shahar Kvatinsky

A model of superconducting computer memory exploiting the orthogonal spin transfer (OST) in the pseudospin valve (PS) that is controlled by the three-terminal Josephson superconducting-ferromagnetic transistor (SFT) is developed. The…

Superconductivity · Physics 2019-07-16 Serhii E. Shafraniuk , Ivan P. Nevirkovets , Oleg A. Mukhanov