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We study the problem of closeness testing for continuous distributions and its implications for causal discovery. Specifically, we analyze the sample complexity of distinguishing whether two multidimensional continuous distributions are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Fateme Jamshidi , Sina Akbari , Negar Kiyavash

Kernel-based tests provide a simple yet effective framework that use the theory of reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces to design non-parametric testing procedures. In this paper we propose new theoretical tools that can be used to study the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-09-02 Tamara Fernández , Nicolás Rivera

We introduce a novel meta-analysis framework to combine dependent tests under a general setting, and utilize it to synthesize various microbiome association tests that are calculated from the same dataset. Our development builds upon the…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-04-16 Xiufan Yu , Linjun Zhang , Arun Srinivasan , Min-ge Xie , Lingzhou Xue

We correct the proof of Theorem 4.1 from [C. R. Math. Acad. Sci. Soc. R. Can. \textbf{44} (2022), no. 4, 88--112].

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2024-03-29 Chris Bruce , Charles Starling

This paper explores conditions of existence of different types of consistent tests. New links of these types of consistency are also established. The existence of discernible (strong consistent) tests follows from the existence of pointwise…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-04-22 Mikhail Ermakov

We show that the d -separation criterion constitutes a valid test for conditional independence relationships that are induced by feedback systems involving discrete variables.

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-02-18 Judea Pearl , Rina Dechter

We consider testing marginal independence versus conditional independence in a trivariate Gaussian setting. The two models are non-nested and their intersection is a union of two marginal independences. We consider two sequences of such…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-10-23 F. Richard Guo , Thomas S. Richardson

In this paper, the existence and uniqueness of strong solutions to distribution dependent neutral SFDEs are proved. We give the conditions such that the order preservation of these equations holds. Moreover, we show these conditions are…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-04-12 Xing Huang , Chenggui Yuan

We prove an explicit finite-sample version of the Borel--Cantelli lemma under $m$-dependence. Given any $m$-dependent sequence of events $(A_k)_{1\leq k\leq N}$, we show that \[ \mathbb{P}\Bigl(\bigcup_{k=1}^N A_k\Bigr) \ge 1 -…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-04-10 Chatchawan Panraksa

When considering stochastic integration and the theory of stochastic differential equations, P. Protter's textbook \cite{protter} undoubtedly is a main piece of standard literature. Not only is it well-written, but it also contains various…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-03-20 Sebastian Rickelhoff , Alexander Schnurr

This paper investigates the problem of testing independence of two random vectors of general dimensions. For this, we give for the first time a distribution-free consistent test. Our approach combines distance covariance with the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-06-11 Hongjian Shi , Mathias Drton , Fang Han

Over the last couple of decades, several copula based methods have been proposed in the literature to test for the independence among several random variables. But these existing tests are not invariant under monotone transformations of the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-11-15 Angshuman Roy , Anil Ghosh , Alok Goswami , C. A. Murthy

Conditional independence (CI) is central to causal inference, feature selection, and graphical modeling, yet it is untestable in many settings without additional assumptions. Existing CI tests often rely on restrictive structural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Alek Frohlich , Vladimir Kostic , Karim Lounici , Daniel Perazzo , Massimiliano Pontil

The impetus for writing this paper are the well publicized media reports that software failure was the cause of the two recent mishaps of the Boeing 737 Max aircraft. The problem considered here though, is a specific one, in the sense that…

Other Statistics · Statistics 2020-03-09 Nozer D. Singpurwalla , Boya Lai

In this paper, we propose a simple method for testing identifying assumptions in parametric separable models, namely treatment exogeneity, instrument validity, and/or homoskedasticity. We show that the testable implications can be written…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-10-17 Leonard Goff , Désiré Kédagni , Huan Wu

Conditional identity in distribution (Berti et al. (2004)) is a new type of dependence for random variables, which generalizes the well-known notion of exchangeability. In this paper, a class of random sequences, called Generalized Species…

Probability · Mathematics 2008-06-18 Federico Bassetti , Irene Crimaldi , Fabrizio Leisen

We propose a method to classify the causal relationship between two discrete variables given only the joint distribution of the variables, acknowledging that the method is subject to an inherent baseline error. We assume that the causal…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-11-07 Krzysztof Chalupka , Frederick Eberhardt , Pietro Perona

Hypothesis testing plays a central role in statistical inference, and is used in many settings where privacy concerns are paramount. This work answers a basic question about privately testing simple hypotheses: given two distributions $P$…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-04-04 Clément L. Canonne , Gautam Kamath , Audra McMillan , Adam Smith , Jonathan Ullman

Samplers are the backbone of the implementations of any randomised algorithm. Unfortunately, obtaining an efficient algorithm to test the correctness of samplers is very hard to find. Recently, in a series of works, testers like…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Rishiraj Bhattacharyya , Sourav Chakraborty , Yash Pote , Uddalok Sarkar , Sayantan Sen

We revisit the problem of general identifiability originally introduced in [Lee et al., 2019] for causal inference and note that it is necessary to add positivity assumption of observational distribution to the original definition of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-03 Yaroslav Kivva , Ehsan Mokhtarian , Jalal Etesami , Negar Kiyavash