Related papers: Visualization of internal forces inside the proton…
Energy conservation has the status of a fundamental physical principle. However, measurements in quantum mechanics do not comply with energy conservation. Therefore, it is expected that a more fundamental theory of gravity -- one that is…
We study the dynamics of classical and quantum particles with spin and dipole moments in external fields within the framework of the general approach by making use of the projection technique. Applications include the neutrino physics in…
We study the motion of a charged particle with magnetic moment in external electromagnetic fields utilizing covariant unification of Gilbertian and Amperian descriptions of particle magnetic dipole moment. Considering the case of a current…
The "external" or "bulk" motion of extended bodies is studied in general relativity. Compact material objects of essentially arbitrary shape, spin, internal composition, and velocity are allowed as long as there is no direct…
It is shown in the tetrad representation that there are Reissner--Nordstr\"om solutions with a finite action and total inertial mass equal to the gravitational mass of the considered system. These solutions describe systems of…
We explore the relationship between mechanical systems describing the motion of a particle with the mechanical systems describing a continuous medium. More specifically, we will study how the so-called intermediate integrals or fields of…
The electromagnetic form factors of hadrons at large momentum transfer have been the subject of intense theoretical and experimental scrutiny over the past two decades, yet there is still not a universally-accepted framework for their…
We investigate how deformations of special relativity in momentum space can be extended to position space in a consistent way, such that the dimensionless contraction between wave-vector and coordinate-vector remains invariant. By using a…
For over 100 years, scientists have investigated the properties of the proton, which is one of the most abundant components of visible matter in the universe. Nevertheless, researchers do not fully understand many details about its internal…
A phenomenological extraction of pressure within the proton has recently been performed using JLab CLAS data (arXiv:2104.02031 [nucl-ex]). The extraction used a 3-dimensional Breit frame description in which the initial and final proton…
Well over a century after the discovery of the electron, we are still faced with serious conceptual issues regarding precisely what an electron is. Since the development of particle physics and the Standard Model, we have accumulated a…
We review the energy concept in the case of a continuum or a system of fields. First, we analyze the emergence of a true local conservation equation for the energy of a continuous medium, taking the example of an isentropic continuum in…
The momentum distributions of the constituent quarks inside the nucleon and the prominent electroproduced nucleon resonances are investigated in the two most sophisticated, available quark potential models, based respectively on the…
The far-reaching gravitational force is described by a heuristic impact model with hypothetical massless entities propagating at the speed of light in vacuum and transferring momentum and energy be- tween massive bodies through interactions…
The stability of matter composed of electrons and static nuclei is investigated for a relativistic dynamics for the electrons given by a suitably projected Dirac operator and with Coulomb interactions. In addition there is an arbitrary…
Let X be a smooth manifold of dimension 1+n endowed with a lorentzian metric g, and let T be the electromagnetic energy tensor associated to a 2-form F. In this paper we characterize this tensor T as the only 2-covariant natural tensor…
The concept "Classical Electromagnetism" in the title of the paper here refers to a theory built on three foundations: relativity principles, the original Maxwell's equations, and the mathematics of exterior calculus. In this theory of…
We construct for the first time an energy-momentum tensor for the electromagnetic field of a p-brane in arbitrary dimensions, entailing finite energy-momentum integrals. The construction relies on distribution theory and is based on a…
We discuss energy-momentum tensor and the second law of thermodynamics for a system of relativistic diffusing particles. We calculate the energy and entropy flow in this system. We obtain an exact time dependence of energy, entropy and free…
We consider diatomic systems in which the kinetic energy of the electrons is treated in a simple relativistic model. The Born-Oppenheimer approximation is assumed. We investigate questions of stability, deducing bounds on the number $N$ of…