Related papers: Visualization of internal forces inside the proton…
The hadronic form factors of the energy-momentum tensor (EMT) have attracted considerable interest in recent literature. This concerns especially the D-term form factor D(t) with its appealing interpretation in terms of internal forces.…
The D-term is a fundamental particle property which is defined through the matrix elements of the energy-momentum tensor and as such in principle on equal footing with mass and spin. Yet the experimental information on the D-term of any…
The energy-momentum tensor (EMT) form factor $D(t)$ is finite and negative in hadronic models and lattice QCD when only strong forces are included. However, when electromagnetic forces are considered, the $D(t)$ of charged hadrons undergoes…
We show that the leading non-analytic terms in the small-t expansion of the energy momentum tensor (EMT) form factors of an electrically charged particle in QED can be correctly derived in a classical model of the electron by…
The energy-momentum tensor (EMT) form factors pave new ways for exploring hadron structure. Especially the D-term related to the EMT form factor D(t) has received a lot of attention due to its attractive physical interpretation in terms of…
The physics related to the form factors of the energy momentum tensor spans a wide spectrum of problems, and includes gravitational physics, hard exclusive reactions, hadronic decays of heavy quarkonia, and the physics of exotic hadrons…
This work deals with form factors of the energy-momentum tensor (EMT) of spin-0 particles and the unknown particle property D-term related to the EMT, and is divided into three parts. The first part explores free, weakly and strongly…
The interpretation of the energy-momentum tensor form factor $D(t)$ of hadrons in terms of pressure and shear force distributions is discussed, concerns raised in the literature are reviewed, and ways to reconcile the concerns with the…
This paper introduces a new object called the momentum tensor. Together with the velocity tensor it forms a basis for establishing the tensorial picture of classical and relativistic mechanics. Some properties of the momentum tensor are…
In this work, we find the light front densities for momentum and forces, including pressure and shear forces, within hadrons. This is achieved by deriving relativistically correct expressions relating these densities to the gravitational…
The energy-momentum tensor (EMT) of the proton encodes fundamental information about its mass, pressure, and shear distributions. Using recent lattice QCD data for the gravitational form factors, we show that the Breit-frame Wigner EMT may…
Selected topics related to the physics of the energy-momentum tensor (EMT) form factors are discussed. The topics are: 1) Fundamental mechanical properties of particles and gravity 2) Mechanical properties of non-spherical particles 3)…
The electronic structure of heavy elements, when described in a space-time which the metric is affected by the electromagnetic interaction, presents instabilities. These instabilities increase with the atomic number, and above a critical…
Everything gravitates and they do so through the energy-momentum tensor (EMT). However, there is no consensus on how to define the EMT of a hadron, e.g. the proton, the fundamental building blocks of the visible world. In this work, we show…
We study in detail the relativistic distributions of energy, longitudinal momentum, longitudinal energy flux, and longitudinal thrust inside nucleons based on the quantum phase-space formalism. Similar to recent studies on the…
The form factors of the energy-momentum tensor can be accessed via studies of generalized parton distributions in hard exclusive reactions. In this talk we present recent results on the energy-momentum tensor form factors and densities in…
Invoking Maxwell's classical equations in conjunction with expressions for the electromagnetic (EM) energy, momentum, force, and torque, we use a few simple examples to demonstrate the nature of the EM angular momentum. The energy and the…
The electron-graviton interaction can be described in terms of the gravitational form factors of the QED energy momentum tensor. Here we focus on the form factor D(t), and we examine its properties and its interpretation in terms of…
The probably most fundamental information about a particle is contained in the matrix elements of its energy momentum tensor (EMT) which are accessible from hard-exclusive reactions via generalized parton distribution functions. The spin…
Several noncovariant formulations of the electromagnetic self-force of extended charged bodies, as have been developed in the context of classical models of charged particles, are compared. The mathematical equivalence of the various…