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The dollar game is a chip-firing game introduced by Baker and Norine (2007) as a context in which to formulate and prove the Riemann-Roch theorem for graphs. A divisor on a graph is a formal integer sum of vertices. Each determines a dollar…
We consider quadratic Weyl sums $S_N(x;c,\alpha)=\sum_{n=1}^N\exp\{2\pi i((\frac{1}{2}n^2+cn)x+\alpha n)\}$ for $c=\alpha=0$ (the rational case) or $(c,\alpha)\notin\mathbb{Q}^2$ (the irrational case), where $x$ is randomly distributed…
The Collatz conjecture, which posits that any positive integer will eventually reach 1 through a specific iterative process, is a classic unsolved problem in mathematics. This research focuses on designing an efficient algorithm to compute…
While the value of the radius of convergence of the generating series of the Catalan numbers is well-known, obtaining it solely from recurrence relations is less immediate. It is sometimes considered that no known proof establishes that the…
In the "correlated sampling" problem, two players are given probability distributions $P$ and $Q$, respectively, over the same finite set, with access to shared randomness. Without any communication, the two players are each required to…
No-regret self-play learning dynamics have become one of the premier ways to solve large-scale games in practice. Accelerating their convergence via improving the regret of the players over the naive $O(\sqrt{T})$ bound after $T$ rounds has…
The class of Poset Take-Away games includes many interesting and difficult games. Playing on an $n$-dimensional positive quadrant (the origin being the bottom of the poset) gives rise to nim, wythoff's nim and chomp. These are impartial…
We analyze a two-player, nonzero-sum Dynkin game of stopping with incomplete information. We assume that each player observes his own Brownian motion, which is not only independent of the other player's Brownian motion but also not…
In this short paper we study the game of cops and robbers, which is played on the vertices of some fixed graph $G$. Cops and a robber are allowed to move along the edges of $G$ and the goal of cops is to capture the robber. The cop number…
We consider infinite duration alternating move games. These games were previously studied by Roth, Balcan, Kalai and Mansour. They presented an FPTAS for computing an approximated equilibrium, and conjectured that there is a polynomial…
For decades it is known that Quantum Computers might serve as a tool to solve a very specific kind of problems that have long thought to be incalculable. Some of those problems are of a combinatorial nature, with the quantum advantage…
We provide a sublinear bound on the cop throttling number of a connected graph. Related to the graph searching game Cops and Robbers, the cop throttling number, written $\mathrm{th}_c(G)$, is given by…
In a classical chess round-robin tournament, each of $n$ players wins, draws, or loses a game against each of the other $n-1$ players. A win rewards a player with 1 points, a draw with 1/2 point, and a loss with 0 points. We are interested…
Pointer-chasing is a central problem in two-party communication complexity: given input size $n$ and a parameter $k$, the two players Alice and Bob are given functions $N_A, N_B: [n] \rightarrow [n]$, respectively, and their goal is to…
A neat question involving coin flips surfaced on $\Bbb X$, and generated an intensive `storm' of `social mathematics'. In a sequence of flips of a fair coin, Alice wins a point at each appearance of two consecutive heads, and Bob wins a…
Penney's game is a two player zero-sum game in which each player chooses a three-flip pattern of heads and tails and the winner is the player whose pattern occurs first in repeated tosses of a fair coin. Because the players choose…
Stackelberg games have been widely used to model interactive decision-making problems in a variety of domains such as energy systems, transportation, cybersecurity, and human-robot interaction. However, existing algorithms for solving…
For $\tau$ a stopping rule adapted to a sequence of $n$ iid observations, we define the loss to be $\ex [ q(R_\tau)]$, where $R_j$ is the rank of the $j$th observation, and $q$ is a nondecreasing function of the rank. This setting covers…
Consider a rooted Galton-Watson tree $T$, to each of whose edges we assign, independently, a weight that equals $+1$ with probability $p_{1}$, $0$ with probability $p_{0}$ and $-1$ with probability $p_{-1}=1-p_{1}-p_{0}$. We play a game on…
We investigate the computation of equilibria in extensive-form games where ex ante correlation is possible, focusing on correlated equilibria requiring the least amount of communication between the players and the mediator. Motivated by the…