English
Related papers

Related papers: Targeted learning: Towards a future informed by re…

200 papers

Temporal-Difference (TD) learning is a standard and very successful reinforcement learning approach, at the core of both algorithms that learn the value of a given policy, as well as algorithms which learn how to improve policies.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-17 Mingde Zhao

Temporal-Difference (TD) learning is a standard and very successful reinforcement learning approach, at the core of both algorithms that learn the value of a given policy, as well as algorithms which learn how to improve policies.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-19 Mingde Zhao , Sitao Luan , Ian Porada , Xiao-Wen Chang , Doina Precup

Machine learning is increasingly used to select which individuals receive limited-resource interventions in domains such as human services, education, development, and more. However, it is often not apparent what the right quantity is for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Vibhhu Sharma , Bryan Wilder

Clinical diagnosis guidelines aim at specifying the steps that may lead to a diagnosis. Inspired by guidelines, we aim to learn the optimal sequence of actions to perform in order to obtain a correct diagnosis from electronic health…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-16 Lillian Muyama , Antoine Neuraz , Adrien Coulet

Interpretability and effectiveness are two essential and indispensable requirements for adopting machine learning methods in reality. In this paper, we propose a knowledge distillation based decision trees extension, dubbed rectified…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-24 Yiming Li , Jiawang Bai , Jiawei Li , Xue Yang , Yong Jiang , Shu-Tao Xia

In healthcare applications, understanding how machine/deep learning models make decisions is crucial. In this study, we introduce a neural network framework, $\textit{Truth Table rules}$ (TT-rules), that combines the global and exact…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-21 Adrien Benamira , Tristan Guerand , Thomas Peyrin

Revealing the underlying causal mechanisms in the real world is crucial for scientific and technological progress. Despite notable advances in recent decades, the lack of high-quality data and the reliance of traditional causal discovery…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Huaming Du , Tao Hu , Yijie Huang , Yu Zhao , Guisong Liu , Tao Gu , Gang Kou , Carl Yang

Recent advances in Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) for multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have mainly focused on improving final answer correctness and strengthening visual grounding. However, a critical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Jinda Lu , Junkang Wu , Jinghan Li , Kexin Huang , Shuo Yang , Mingzhu Chen , Jiancan Wu , Kuien Liu , Xiang Wang

RUL estimation suffers from a server data imbalance where data from machines near their end of life is rare. Additionally, the data produced by a machine can only be labeled after the machine failed. Semi-Supervised Learning (SSL) can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-27 Tilman Krokotsch , Mirko Knaak , Clemens Gühmann

In causal inference, estimating heterogeneous treatment effects (HTE) is critical for identifying how different subgroups respond to interventions, with broad applications in fields such as precision medicine and personalized advertising.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Jiehui Zhou , Linxiao Yang , Xingyu Liu , Xinyue Gu , Liang Sun , Wei Chen

We study reinforcement learning (RL) problems in which agents observe the reward or transition realizations at their current state before deciding which action to take. Such observations are available in many applications, including…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Nadav Merlis

Comorbid chronic conditions are common among people with type 2 diabetes. We developed an Artificial Intelligence algorithm, based on Reinforcement Learning (RL), for personalized diabetes and multi-morbidity management with strong…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-11-05 Hua Zheng , Ilya O. Ryzhov , Wei Xie , Judy Zhong

As clinical decision-making increasingly moves toward individualized and context-specific treatment recommendations, reliance on any single evidence source, randomized or observational, may be insufficient. Principled integration of…

We propose a novel machine learning approach for inferring causal variables of a target variable from observations. Our focus is on directly inferring a set of causal factors without requiring full causal graph reconstruction, which is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Jang-Hyun Kim , Claudia Skok Gibbs , Sangdoo Yun , Hyun Oh Song , Kyunghyun Cho

Unsupervised goal-conditioned reinforcement learning (GCRL) is a promising paradigm for developing diverse robotic skills without external supervision. However, existing unsupervised GCRL methods often struggle to cover a wide range of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Junik Bae , Kwanyoung Park , Youngwoon Lee

Augmenting randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with external real-world data (RWD) has the potential to improve the finite sample efficiency of treatment effect estimators. We describe using adaptive targeted maximum likelihood estimation…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-01-30 Sky Qiu , Jens Tarp , Andrew Mertens , Mark van der Laan

Analyzing data from multiple sources offers valuable opportunities to improve the estimation efficiency of causal estimands. However, this analysis also poses many challenges due to population heterogeneity and data privacy constraints.…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-23 Rong Zhao , Jason Falvey , Xu Shi , Vernon M. Chinchilli , Chixiang Chen

Demonstration-guided reinforcement learning (RL) is a promising approach for learning complex behaviors by leveraging both reward feedback and a set of target task demonstrations. Prior approaches for demonstration-guided RL treat every new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-22 Karl Pertsch , Youngwoon Lee , Yue Wu , Joseph J. Lim

Automated insulin delivery for Type 1 Diabetes must balance glucose control and safety under uncertain meals and physiological variability. While reinforcement learning (RL) enables adaptive personalization, existing approaches struggle to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Yushen Liu , Yanfu Zhang , Xugui Zhou

Vision-language models (VLMs) such as CLIP exhibit strong Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection capabilities by aligning visual and textual representations. Recent CLIP-based test-time adaptation methods further improve detection performance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Jinlun Ye , Jiang Liao , Runhe Lai , Xinhua Lu , Jiaxin Zhuang , Zhiyong Gan , Ruixuan Wang