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Spin-orbit-torque (SOT) induced magnetization switching in Co/Pt/Co trilayer, with two Co layers exhibiting magnetization easy axes orthogonal to each other is investigated. Pt layer is used as a source of spin-polarized current as it is…

For energy efficient and fast magnetic memories, switching of perpendicular magnetization by the spin-orbit torque (SOT) appears as a very promising solution, even more using magnetic insulators that suppress electrical shunting. This SOT…

Heavy metal/ferromagnetic layers with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) have potential applications for high-density information storage in racetrack memories and nonvolatile magnetic random access memories. Writing and erasing of…

Applied Physics · Physics 2018-05-09 Baoshan Cui , Dong Li , Jijun Yun , Yalu Zuo , Xiaobin Guo , Kai Wu , Xu Zhang , Yupei Wang , Li Xi , Desheng Xue

By integrating the local voltage-controlled magnetic anisotropy (VCMA) effect, Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) effect, and spin-orbit torque (SOT) effect, we propose a novel device structure for field-free magnetic tunnel junction…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-27 Rui Zhou , Haiyang Zhang , Hao Wang , Jin He , Qijun Huang , Sheng Chang

Spin-orbit torques, which utilize spin currents arising from the spin-orbit coupling, offer a novel method to electrically switch the magnetization with perpendicular anisotropy. However, the necessity of an external magnetic field to…

Materials Science · Physics 2018-07-18 Jong Min Lee , Kaiming Cai , Guang Yang , Yang Liu , Rajagopalan Ramaswamy , Pan He , Hyunsoo Yang

The ability to engineer the interactions in assemblies of nanoscale magnets is central to the development of artificial spin systems and spintronic technologies. Following the emergence of the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) in thin…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-10-05 Aleš Hrabec , Zhaochu Luo , Laura J. Heyderman , Pietro Gambardella

We demonstrate spin-orbit torque (SOT) switching of amorphous CoTb single layer films with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA). The switching sustains even the film thickness is above 10 nm, where the critical switching current density…

Interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in ferromagnet/heavy metal bilayers is recently of considerable interest as it offers an efficient control of domain walls and the stabilization of magnetic skyrmions. However, its effect on the…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-12-09 Peong-Hwa Jang , Kyoungmi Song , Seung-Jae Lee , Seo-Won Lee , Kyung-Jin Lee

Magnetization switching by current-induced spin-orbit torques (SOTs) is of great interest due to its potential applications for ultralow-power memory and logic devices. In order to be of technological interest, SOT effects need to switch…

Spin-orbit torque (SOT)-induced magnetization switching shows promise for realizing ultrafast and reliable spintronics devices. Bipolar switching of perpendicular magnetization via SOT is achieved under an in-plane magnetic field collinear…

Materials Science · Physics 2016-05-04 Shunsuke Fukami , Chaoliang Zhang , Samik DuttaGupta , Hideo Ohno

Antiferromagnetic materials present us with rich and exciting physics, which we can exploit to open new avenues in spintronic device applications. We explore perpendicularly magnetized exchange biased systems of Pt/Co/IrMn and Pt/Co/FeMn,…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-08-22 Risalat A. Khan , Hans T. Nembach , Mannan Ali , Justin M. Shaw , Christopher H. Marrows , Thomas A. Moore

The discovery of efficient magnetization switching activated by the spin Hall effect (SHE)-induced spin-orbit torque (SOT) changed the course of magnetic random-access memory (MRAM) research and development. However, for systems with…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-06-13 Chen-Yu Hu , Wei-De Chen , Yan-Ting Liu , Chao-Chun Huang , Chi-Feng Pai

Magnetic trilayers having large perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) and high spin-orbit torques (SOTs) efficiency are the key to fabricate nonvolatile magnetic memory and logic devices. In this work, PMA and SOTs are systematically…

Applied Physics · Physics 2018-01-17 Baoshan Cui , Dong Li , Shiwei Chen , Jijun Yun , Yalu Zuo , Xiaobin Guo , Kai Wu , Xu Zhang , Yupei Wang , Dezheng Yang , Meizhen Gao , Li Xi

The Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Interaction (DMI) between spins is induced by spin-orbit coupling in magnetic materials lacking inversion symmetry. DMI is recognized to play a crucial role at the interface between ferromagnetic (FM) and heavy…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-12-31 Hongxin Yang , André Thiaville , Stanislas Rohart , Albert Fert , Mairbek Chshiev

Spin-orbit torques (SOTs) have opened a new path to switch the magnetization in perpendicularly magnetized films and are of great interest due to their potential applications in novel data storage technology, such as the magnetic random…

Materials Science · Physics 2017-02-02 Pan He , Xuepeng Qiu , Vanessa L. Zhang , Yang Wu , Meng Hau Kuok , Hyunsoo Yang

Field-free switching of perpendicular magnetization has been observed in an epitaxial L1$_1$-ordered CoPt/CuPt bilayer and attributed to spin-orbit torque (SOT) arising from the crystallographic $3m$ point group of the interface. Using a…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-12-31 Wuzhang Fang , Edward Schwartz , Alexey A. Kovalev , K. D. Belashchenko

Spin orbit torque (SOT) has been considered as one of the promising technologies for the next-generation magnetic random access memory (MRAM). So far, SOT has been widely utilized for inducing various modes of magnetization switching.…

Applied Physics · Physics 2022-10-19 Tongxi Liu , Zhaohao Wang , Min Wang , Chao Wang , Bi Wu , Weiqiang Liu , Weisheng Zhao

Spin-orbit torque (SOT) represents an energy efficient method to control magnetization in magnetic memory devices. However, deterministically switching perpendicular memory bits usually requires the application of an additional bias field…

Applied Physics · Physics 2018-10-03 Qianchang Wang , John Domann , Guoqiang Yu , Anthony Barra , Kang L. Wang , Gregory P. Carman

Recent development of the magnetic material engineering led to achievement of the systems with a high interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI). As a result, the formation of non-collinear magnetic soliton states or nonreciprocal…

We study the spin-orbit torques (SOTs) in Co/Cu/Co magnetic trilayers based on first-principles density-functional theory calculations in the case where the applied electric field lies in-plane, i.e., parallel to the interfaces. We assume…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-07-31 Frank Freimuth , Stefan Blügel , Yuriy Mokrousov