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Alice and Bob take turns (with Alice playing first) in declaring numbers from the set $[1,2N]$. If a player declares a number that was previously declared, that player looses and the other player wins. If all numbers are declared without…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-01-24 Uriel Feige

We consider a simple streaming game between two players Alice and Bob, which we call the mirror game. In this game, Alice and Bob take turns saying numbers belonging to the set $\{1, 2, \dots,2N\}$. A player loses if they repeat a number…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2017-10-10 Sumegha Garg , Jon Schneider

We help Alice play a certain "convergence game" against Bob and win the prize, which is a constructive solution to a problem by Erd\H{o}s and Graham, posed in their 1980 book on open questions in combinatorial number theory. Namely, after…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-11-11 Vjekoslav Kovač

In the game of Matching Pennies, Alice and Bob each hold a penny, and at every tick of the clock they simultaneously display the head or the tail sides of their coins. If they both display the same side, then Alice wins Bob's penny; if they…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2018-02-05 Dusko Pavlovic , Peter-Michael Seidel , Muzamil Yahia

Let $a$, $b$, and $n$ be integers with $0<a<b<n$. In a certain two-player probabilistic chip-collecting game, Alice tosses a coin to determine whether she collects $a$ chips or $b$ chips. If Alice collects $a$ chips, then Bob collects $b$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-10-06 Joshua Harrington , Xuwen Hua , Xufei Liu , Alex Nash , Rodrigo Rios , Tony W. H. Wong

Consider a game where a refereed a referee chooses (x,y) according to a publicly known distribution P_XY, sends x to Alice, and y to Bob. Without communicating with each other, Alice responds with a value "a" and Bob responds with a value…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2009-08-07 Thomas Holenstein

A fair coin is flipped $n$ times, and two finite sequences of heads and tails (words) $A$ and $B$ of the same length are given. Each time the word $A$ appears in the sequence of coin flips, Alice gets a point, and each time the word $B$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-01-06 Anne-Laure Basdevant , Olivier Hénard , Edouard Maurel-Segala , Arvind Singh

A neat question involving coin flips surfaced on $\Bbb X$, and generated an intensive `storm' of `social mathematics'. In a sequence of flips of a fair coin, Alice wins a point at each appearance of two consecutive heads, and Bob wins a…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-09-08 Geoffrey R. Grimmett

The game of memory is played with a deck of n pairs of cards. The cards in each pair are identical. The deck is shuffled and the cards laid face down. A move consists of flipping over first one card then another. The cards are removed from…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-08-27 Daniel J. Velleman , Gregory S. Warrington

Introducing the simplest of all No-Signalling Games: the RGB Game where two verifiers interrogate two provers, Alice and Bob, far enough from each other that communication between them is too slow to be possible. Each prover may be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-29 Xavier Coiteux-Roy , Claude Crépeau

In a recently introduced coset guessing game, Alice plays against Bob and Charlie, aiming to meet a joint winning condition. Bob and Charlie can only communicate before the game starts to devise a joint strategy. The game we consider begins…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-01 Michael Schleppy , Emina Soljanin , Nicolas Swanson

A card guessing game is played between two players, Guesser and Dealer. At the beginning of the game, the Dealer holds a deck of $n$ cards (labeled $1, ..., n$). For $n$ turns, the Dealer draws a card from the deck, the Guesser guesses…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2022-01-04 Boaz Menuhin , Moni Naor

In a two-player game, two cooperating but non communicating players, Alice and Bob, receive inputs taken from a probability distribution. Each of them produces an output and they win the game if they satisfy some predicate on their…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-02-22 André Chailloux , Giannicola Scarpa

Wireless secret sharing is crucial to information security in the era of Internet of Things. One method is to utilize the effect of the randomness of the wireless channel in the data link layer to generate the common secret between two…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-01-28 Lei Miao , Dingde Jiang

The graph grabbing game is played on a non-negatively weighted connected graph by Alice and Bob who alternately claim a non-cut vertex from the remaining graph, where Alice plays first, to maximize the weights on their respective claimed…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-07-24 Sopon Boriboon , Teeradej Kittipassorn

We close the gap in the proof (published by Chen and Lin) of formulas for the minimum number of questions required in the expected case for Mastermind and its variant called AB game, where both games are played with two pegs and $n$ colors.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-08-14 Marcin Peczarski

Three different quantum cards which are non-orthogonal quantum bits are sent to two different players, Alice and Bob, randomly. Alice receives one of the three cards, and Bob receives the remaining two cards. We find that Bob could know…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Chih-Lung Chou , Li-Yi Hsu

The multiplication game is a two-person game in which each player chooses a positive integer without knowledge of the other player's number. The two numbers are then multiplied together and the first digit of the product determines the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2016-07-11 Kent E. Morrison

Given a finite set $S$ of points in $\mathbb{R}^d$, which we regard as the locations of voters on a $d$-dimensional political `spectrum', two candidates (Alice and Bob) select one point in $\mathbb{R}^d$ each, in an attempt to get as many…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-11 Stelios Stylianou

We start with the well-known game below: Two players hold a sheet of paper to their forehead on which a positive integer is written. The numbers are consecutive and each player can only see the number of the other one. In each time step,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-02-26 Felix Günther , Irina Mustata
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