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Related papers: Physical, subjective and analogical probability

200 papers

Bayesian statistics is based on the subjective definition of probability as {\it ``degree of belief''} and on Bayes' theorem, the basic tool for assigning probabilities to hypotheses combining {\it a priori} judgements and experimental…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-09-01 G. D'Agostini

This work proposes a view of probability as a relative measure rather than an absolute one. To demonstrate this concept, we focus on finite outcome spaces and develop three fundamental axioms that establish requirements for relative…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-05-30 Max Sklar

I define a notion of locality LOC, closely modelled on the Bell principle of Local Causality, construed as the condition that single case probabilities cannot be modified by actions at spacelike separation. The new principle, like that of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-21 Simon Saunders

We propose a new interpretation of objective deterministic chances in statistical physics based on physical computational complexity. This notion applies to a single physical system (be it an experimental set--up in the lab, or a subsystem…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-03-20 Amit Hagar , Giuseppe Sergioli

This paper serves as a bridge between quantum computing and analogical modeling (a general theory for predicting categories of behavior in varying contexts). Since its formulation in the early 1980s, analogical modeling has been…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Royal Skousen

Analogical reasoning is the ability to detect parallels between two seemingly distant objects or situations, a fundamental human capacity used for example in commonsense reasoning, learning, and creativity which is believed by many…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Christian Antić

A review of various definitions of "compatibility" expressed in terms of ordinary probability, and a discussion of the occurrence of incompatibility (and the related phenomenon of interference) in non-quantal probabilistic systems.

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 K. A. Kirkpatrick

We define quantum-like probabilistic behaviour as behaviour which is impossible to describe by using the classical probability model. We discuss the conjecture that cognitive behaviour is quantum-like. There is presented the scheme for an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-29 Andrei Khrennikov

In classical physics, probabilistic or statistical knowledge has been always related to ignorance or inaccurate subjective knowledge about an actual state of affairs. This idea has been extended to quantum mechanics through a completely…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-03-29 Christian de Ronde

It is shown that the statistical conception of quantum mechanics is dynamical but not probabilistic, i.e. the statistical description in quantum mechanics is founded on dynamics. A use of the probability theory, when it takes place, is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Yuri A. Rylov

A measure of complexity based on a probabilistic description of physical systems is proposed. This measure incorporates the main features of the intuitive notion of such a magnitude. It can be applied to many physical situations and to…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2009-11-07 Ricardo Lopez-Ruiz , Hector Mancini , Xavier Calbet

This paper defines the notion of analogical dissimilarity between four objects, with a special focus on objects structured as sequences. Firstly, it studies the case where the four objects have a null analogical dissimilarity, i.e. are in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-01-16 Laurent Miclet , Sabri Bayoudh , Arnaud Delhay

How can quantum mechanics be (i) the fundamental theoretical framework of contemporary physics and (ii) a probability calculus that presupposes the events to which, and on the basis of which, it assigns probabilities? The question is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-04-06 Ulrich Mohrhoff

Modal interpretations have the ambition to construe quantum mechanics as an objective, man-independent description of physical reality. Their second leading idea is probabilism: quantum mechanics does not completely fix physical reality but…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Dennis Dieks

The decoherent (consistent) histories formalism has been proposed as a means of eliminating measurements as a fundamental concept in quantum mechanics. In this formalism, probabilities can be assigned to any description which satisfies a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Todd A. Brun

Physical laws are a set of rules in the relationship between observations made by the experimenter. All these observations are made through a mechanism that links the external world to the experimenter's awareness, a mechanism which is not…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-07-12 Hitoshi Inamori

In this paper I discuss both syntax and semantics of subjective probability. The semantics determines ways of testing probability statements. Among important varieties of subjective probabilities are intersubjective probabilities and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Vladimir Vovk

The main result presented in this article is that probability can fundamentally be characterized as a subset of conditional expectation induced by a plausible preorder on random quantities. This is justified by the fact that probability is…

Logic · Mathematics 2024-06-14 Ladislav Mečíř

Individuals have an intuitive perception of what makes a good coincidence. Though the sensitivity to coincidences has often been presented as resulting from an erroneous assessment of probability, it appears to be a genuine competence,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-06-21 Jean-Louis J. -L. Dessalles

Analogical proportions are statements of the form "$a$ is to $b$ as $c$ is to $d$", which expresses that the comparisons of the elements in pair $(a, b)$ and in pair $(c, d)$ yield similar results. Analogical proportions are creative in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Stergos Afantenos , Henri Prade , Leonardo Cortez Bernardes