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Software managed byte-addressable hybrid memory systems consisting of DRAMs and NVMMs offer a lot of flexibility to design efficient large scale data processing applications. Operating systems (OS) play an important role in enabling the…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2023-10-06 Shivank Garg , Aravinda Prasad , Debadatta Mishra , Sreenivas Subramoney

Emerging non-volatile memory (NVM)-based Computing-in-Memory (CiM) architectures show substantial promise in accelerating deep neural networks (DNNs) due to their exceptional energy efficiency. However, NVM devices are prone to device…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Zheyu Yan , Xiaobo Sharon Hu , Yiyu Shi

Multi-head latent attention (MLA) is designed to optimize KV cache memory through low-rank key-value joint compression. Rather than caching keys and values separately, MLA stores their compressed latent representations, reducing memory…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Guihong Li , Mehdi Rezagholizadeh , Mingyu Yang , Vikram Appia , Emad Barsoum

To address the issue of catastrophic forgetting in neural networks, we propose a novel, simple, and effective solution called neuron-level plasticity control (NPC). While learning a new task, the proposed method preserves the knowledge for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-01 Inyoung Paik , Sangjun Oh , Tae-Yeong Kwak , Injung Kim

Attention mechanisms have revolutionized sequence learning but suffer from quadratic computational complexity. This paper introduces \model, a novel recurrent neural network (RNN) mechanism that leverages the inherent low-rank structure of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Mahdi Karami , Razvan Pascanu , Vahab Mirrokni

Efficient real-world deployments of large language models (LLMs) rely on Key-Value (KV) caching for processing and generating long outputs, reducing the need for repetitive computation. For large contexts, Key-Value caches can take up tens…

The expansion of context windows in large language models (LLMs) to multi-million tokens introduces severe memory and compute bottlenecks, particularly in managing the growing Key-Value (KV) cache. While Compute Express Link (CXL) enables…

In this work, we design and implement VQ-LLM, an efficient fused Vector Quantization (VQ) kernel generation framework. We first introduce a software abstraction called codebook cache to optimize codebook access efficiency and support the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Zihan Liu , Xinhao Luo , Junxian Guo , Wentao Ni , Yangjie Zhou , Yue Guan , Cong Guo , Weihao Cui , Yu Feng , Minyi Guo , Yuhao Zhu , Minjia Zhang , Jingwen Leng , Chen Jin

Compute in-memory (CIM) is a promising technique that minimizes data transport, the primary performance bottleneck and energy cost of most data intensive applications. This has found wide-spread adoption in accelerating neural networks for…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-08-18 Brian Crafton , Samuel Spetalnick , Gauthaman Murali , Tushar Krishna , Sung-Kyu Lim , Arijit Raychowdhury

Computing-in-Memory (CiM) architectures based on emerging non-volatile memory (NVM) devices have demonstrated great potential for deep neural network (DNN) acceleration thanks to their high energy efficiency. However, NVM devices suffer…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Zheyu Yan , Xiaobo Sharon Hu , Yiyu Shi

Modern scientific simulations generate massive volumes of data, creating significant challenges for I/O and storage systems. Error-bounded lossy compression (EBLC) offers a solution by reducing data set sizes while preserving data quality…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Grant Wilkins , Sheng Di , Jon C. Calhoun , Robert Underwood , Franck Cappello

Recent works have demonstrated the viability of utilizing over-fitted implicit neural representations (INRs) as alternatives to autoencoder-based models for neural video compression. Among these INR-based video codecs, Neural Video…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Ho Man Kwan , Tianhao Peng , Ge Gao , Fan Zhang , Mike Nilsson , Andrew Gower , David Bull

Modern computing systems are embracing hybrid memory comprising of DRAM and non-volatile memory (NVM) to combine the best properties of both memory technologies, achieving low latency, high reliability, and high density. A prominent…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-05-12 Shihao Song , Anup Das , Nagarajan Kandasamy

To mitigate the impact of noise and interference on multi-level-cell (MLC) flash memory with the use of low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes, we propose a dynamic write-voltage design scheme considering the asymmetric property of raw bit…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-07 Runbin Cai , Yi Fang , Zhifang Shi , Lin Dai , Guojun Han

We propose a software framework based on the ideas of the Learning-Compression (LC) algorithm, that allows a user to compress a neural network or other machine learning model using different compression schemes with minimal effort.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-19 Yerlan Idelbayev , Miguel Á. Carreira-Perpiñán

In the last few years, research and development on Deep Learning models and techniques for ultra-low-power devices in a word, TinyML has mainly focused on a train-then-deploy assumption, with static models that cannot be adapted to newly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Leonardo Ravaglia , Manuele Rusci , Davide Nadalini , Alessandro Capotondi , Francesco Conti , Luca Benini

Resistive memories have limited lifetime caused by limited write endurance and highly non-uniform write access patterns. Two main techniques to mitigate endurance-related memory failures are 1) wear-leveling, to evenly distribute the writes…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-10-07 Leonid Yavits , Lois Orosa , Suyash Mahar , João Dinis Ferreira , Mattan Erez , Ran Ginosar , Onur Mutlu

Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) demonstrate impressive potential in various practical applications. However, long context inference poses a significant challenge due to the enormous memory requirements of the key-value (KV)…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Bo Jiang , Taolue Yang , Youyuan Liu , Chengming Zhang , Xubin He , Sian Jin

Context lengths of Large Language Models (LLMs) have exploded in recent years, with 128k-token context becoming a standard and million-token context becoming a reality. Efficiently supporting long-context inference remains challenging as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Isaac Rehg

With a growing number of cores in modern high-performance servers, effective sharing of the last level cache (LLC) is more critical than ever. The primary agenda of such systems is to maximize performance by efficiently supporting…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-10-04 Bodhisatwa Chatterjee , Sharjeel Khan , Santosh Pande