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Mean field games (MFG) and mean field control problems (MFC) are frameworks to study Nash equilibria or social optima in games with a continuum of agents. These problems can be used to approximate competitive or cooperative games with a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-06-28 Andrea Angiuli , Jean-Pierre Fouque , Mathieu Lauriere

We apply the generalized conditional gradient algorithm to potential mean field games and we show its well-posedeness. It turns out that this method can be interpreted as a learning method called fictitious play. More precisely, each step…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2021-09-14 J Frédéric Bonnans , Pierre Lavigne , Laurent Pfeiffer

This paper studies the dynamic pricing mechanism for data products in demand-driven markets through a game-theoretic framework. We develop a three-tier Stackelberg game model to capture the hierarchical strategic interactions among key…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-12-29 Lijun Bo , Dongfang Yang , Shihua Wang

This paper studies the n-player game and the mean field game under the CRRA relative performance on terminal wealth, in which the interaction occurs by peer competition. In the model with n agents, the price dynamics of underlying risky…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2023-02-10 Lijun Bo , Shihua Wang , Xiang Yu

Mean Field Game (MFG) models implicitly assume "rational expectations", meaning that the heterogeneous agents being modeled correctly know all relevant transition probabilities for the complex system they inhabit. When there is common…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-02-26 Benjamin Moll , Lenya Ryzhik

This paper introduces a framework of Constrained Mean-Field Games (CMFGs), where each agent solves a constrained Markov decision process (CMDP). This formulation captures scenarios in which agents' strategies are subject to feasibility,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-15 Anran Hu , Zijiu Lyu

This paper studies an asset pricing model in a partially observable market with a large number of heterogeneous agents using the mean field game theory. In this model, we assume that investors can only observe stock prices and must infer…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2025-04-02 Masashi Sekine

The mean field games (MFG) paradigm was introduced to provide tractable approximations of games involving very large populations. The theory typically rests on two key assumptions: homogeneity, meaning that all players share the same…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-10 Mathieu Laurière

This paper presents a general mean-field game (GMFG) framework for simultaneous learning and decision-making in stochastic games with a large population. It first establishes the existence of a unique Nash Equilibrium to this GMFG, and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-10-12 Xin Guo , Anran Hu , Renyuan Xu , Junzi Zhang

We develop a simple yet efficient Lagrangian method for computing equilibrium prices in a mean-field game price-formation model. We prove that equilibrium prices are optimal in terms of a suitable criterion and derive a primal-dual…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-09-18 Xu Wang , Samy Wu Fung , Levon Nurbekyan

Agents attempt to maximize expected profits earned by selling multiple units of a perishable product where their revenue streams are affected by the prices they quote as well as the distribution of other prices quoted in the market by other…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2025-04-16 Ryan Donnelly , Zi Li

We introduce a class of robust control problems formulated in min-max form, in which the principal agent is viewed as a central planner facing Nature. The agent's cost is a nonlinear function of all its possible realizations, encompassing…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-24 François Delarue , Pierre Lavigne

In this paper, we study a large population game with heterogeneous dynamics and cost functions solving a consensus problem. Moreover, the agents have communication constraints which appear as: (1) an Additive-White Gaussian Noise (AWGN)…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-08-26 Shubham Aggarwal , Muhammad Aneeq uz Zaman , Tamer Başar

We propose a novel mean field games (MFGs) based GAN(generative adversarial network) framework. To be specific, we utilize the Hopf formula in density space to rewrite MFGs as a primal-dual problem so that we are able to train the model via…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Shaojun Ma , Haomin Zhou , Hongyuan Zha

We develop a tractable equilibrium model for price formation in intraday electricity markets in the presence of intermittent renewable generation. Using stochastic control theory, we identify the optimal strategies of agents with market…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2021-07-01 Olivier Féron , Peter Tankov , Laura Tinsi

We propose a single-level numerical approach to solve Stackelberg mean field game (MFG) problems. In Stackelberg MFG, an infinite population of agents play a non-cooperative game and choose their controls to optimize their individual…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-04-24 Gokce Dayanikli , Mathieu Lauriere

Mean-field games arise in various fields including economics, engineering, and machine learning. They study strategic decision making in large populations where the individuals interact via certain mean-field quantities. The ground metrics…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-07-23 Lisang Ding , Wuchen Li , Stanley Osher , Wotao Yin

We propose a payoff function extending Minority Games (MG) that captures the competition between agents to make money. In constrast with previous MG, the best strategies are not always targeting the minority but are shifting…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-11-07 Jorgen Vitting Andersen , Didier Sornette

While the general theory for the terminal-initial value problem for mean-field games (MFGs) has achieved a substantial progress, the corresponding forward-forward problem is still poorly understood - even in the one-dimensional setting.…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2016-06-30 Diogo Gomes , Levon Nurbekyan , Marc Sedjro

We investigate mean-field games (MFG) in which agents can actively control their speed of access to information. Specifically, the agents can dynamically decide to obtain observations with reduced delay by accepting higher observation…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-06-03 Dirk Becherer , Christoph Reisinger , Jonathan Tam