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We study the susceptible-infective-recovered (SIR) epidemic on a random graph chosen uniformly subject to having given vertex degrees. In this model infective vertices infect each of their susceptible neighbours, and recover, at a constant…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-09-24 Svante Janson , Malwina Luczak , Peter Windridge

To better describe the spread of a disease, we extend a discrete time stochastic SIR-type epidemic model of Tuckwell and Williams. We assume the dependence on time of the number of daily encounters and include a parameter to represent a…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2022-09-30 Mireia Besalú , Giulia Binotto

Fractional-order SIR models have become increasingly popular in the literature in recent years, however unlike the standard SIR model, they often lack a derivation from an underlying stochastic process. Here we derive a fractional-order…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2016-03-31 Christopher N Angstmann , Bruce I Henry , Anna V McGann

This paper studies the spread dynamics of a stochastic SIRS epidemic model with nonlinear incidence and varying population size, which is formulated as a piecewise deterministic Markov process. A threshold dynamic determined by the basic…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2017-10-26 Dan Li , Shengqiang Liu , Jing'an Cui

We define and study an open stochastic SIR (Susceptible -- Infected -- Removed) model on a graph in order to describe the spread of an epidemic on a cattle trade network with epidemiological and demographic dynamics occurring over the same…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-03-28 Pierre Montagnon

We consider the Susceptible-Infected-Recovered (SIR) epidemic model on a Euclidean network in one dimension in which nodes at a distance $l$ are connected with probability $P(l) \propto l^{-\delta}$ in addition to nearest neighbors. The…

Physics and Society · Physics 2014-07-04 Abdul Khaleque , Parongama Sen

In the simple mean-field SIS and SIR epidemic models, infection is transmitted from infectious to susceptible members of a finite population by independent $p-$coin tosses. Spatial variants of these models are proposed, in which finite…

Probability · Mathematics 2009-09-29 Steven P. Lalley

In the recent COVID-19 pandemic we assisted at a sequence of epidemic waves intertwined by anomalous fade-outs with periods of low but persistent epidemic prevalence. These long-living epidemic states complicate epidemic control and…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-08-27 Javier Aguilar , Beatriz Arregui García , Raúl Toral , Sandro Meloni , Jose J. Ramasco

We consider the spread of a Susceptible-Infected-Recovered (SIR) disease through finite populations and derive an expression for the final size distribution. Our derivation allows arbitrary distributions of the number of transmissions…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2019-07-12 Joel C Miller

Infection spread among individuals is modelled with a continuous time Markov chain, in which subject interactions depend on their distance in space. The well known SIR model and non local variants of the latter are then obtained as large…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-09-27 Franco Flandoli , Francesco Grotto , Andrea Papini , Cristiano Ricci

We study two simple mathematical models of the epidemic. At first, we study the repetitive infection spreading in a simplified SIRS model including the effect of the decay of the acquired immune. The model is an intermediate model of the…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2024-03-13 Hidetsugu Sakaguchi , Keito Yamasaki

We study the susceptible-infected-recovered (SIR) epidemic on a random graph chosen uniformly over all graphs with certain critical, heavy-tailed degree distributions. For this model, each vertex infects all its susceptible neighbors and…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-05-14 David Clancy

The SIR model is used extensively in the field of epidemiology, in particular, for the analysis of communal diseases. One problem with SIR and other existing models is that they are tailored to random or Erdos type networks since they do…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2014-10-22 M. S. S. Khan

In contrast to the common assumption in epidemic models that the rate of infection between individuals is constant, in reality, an individual's viral load determines their infectiousness. We compare the average and individual reproductive…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2021-12-07 Nicholas Landry

In this paper, we study the dynamics of the susceptible-infected-recovered (SIR) model on a network with community structure, namely the stochastic block model (SBM). As usual, the SIR model is a stochastic model for an epidemic where…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-10-10 Christian Borgs , Karissa Huang , Christian Ikeokwu

This paper is concerned with a stochastic model for the spread of an SEIR (susceptible -> exposed (=latent) -> infective -> removed) epidemic with a contact tracing scheme, in which removed individuals may name some of their infectious…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-12-08 Frank G Ball , Edward S Knock , Philip D O'Neill

Transportation networks play a critical part in the spread of infectious diseases between populations. In this work, we define a networked susceptible-exposed-infected-recovered epidemic process with loss of immunity over time (SEIRS) that…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-09-22 Brooks A. Butler , Raphael Stern , Philip E. Paré

The spread of an epidemic process is considered in the context of a spatial SIR stochastic model that includes a parameter $0\le p\le 1$ that assigns weights $p$ and $1- p$ to global and local infective contacts respectively. The model was…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2020-01-29 Gabriel Fabricius , Alberto Maltz

We study the spread of discrete-time epidemics over arbitrary networks for well-known propagation models, namely SIS (susceptible-infected-susceptible), SIR (susceptible-infected-recovered), SIRS (susceptible-infected-recovered-susceptible)…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2016-10-03 Navid Azizan Ruhi , Hyoung Jun Ahn , Babak Hassibi

The viral load is known to be a chief predictor of the risk of transmission of infectious diseases. In this work, we investigate the role of the individuals' viral load in the disease transmission by proposing a new…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2023-03-29 Rossella Della Marca , Nadia Loy , Andrea Tosin