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Electron microscopy (EM) has been instrumental in our understanding of biological systems ranging from subcellular structures to complex organisms. Although EM reveals cellular morphology with nanoscale resolution, it does not provide…
Variational ab-initio methods in quantum chemistry stand out among other methods in providing direct access to the wave function. This allows in principle straightforward extraction of any other observable of interest, besides the energy,…
An atomic force microscope (AFM) is capable of producing ultra-high resolution measurements of nanoscopic objects and forces. It is an indispensable tool for various scientific disciplines such as molecular engineering, solid-state physics,…
The atomic number contrast imaging technique reveals an increase in intensity at interfaces of a high and low-density material in case of relatively thick samples. Elastic scattering factors and absorption coefficients are incorporated in a…
Nanoscale materials usually can trap light and strongly interact with it leading to many photonic device applications. The light-matter interactions are commonly probed by optical spectroscopy, which, however, have some limitations such as…
Chemical imaging enables label-free visualization of cells, tissues and living systems while providing direct biochemical information that is difficult to obtain with conventional fluorescence microscopy. Despite its promise in applications…
Optical microscopy has a diffraction limited resolution of about 250 nm. Fluorescence methods (e.g. PALM, STORM, STED) beat this, but they are still limited to 10 s of nm, and the images are an indirect pointillist representation of only…
In photon upconverting core-shell nanoparticles, structure strongly dictates performance. Conventional imaging in scanning transmission electron microscopy has sufficient resolution to probe the atomic structure of these nanoparticles, but…
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy provides unparalleled access to molecular structure and dynamics but is traditionally limited by weak signal strength, requiring large sample volumes and high magnetic fields. Here, we…
Knowledge of molecular structure is paramount in understanding, and ultimately influencing, chemical reactivity. For nearly a century, diffractive imaging has been used to identify the structures of many biologically-relevant gas-phase…
High-spatial-resolution vibrational spectroscopy is one of the principal techniques for nanoscale compositional analysis in biological materials. Here, we present a new method for the analysis of whole-cell biological specimens through…
Heterogeneous catalysts are the most important catalysts in industrial reactions. Nanocatalysts, with size ranging from hundreds of nanometers to the atomic scale, possess activities that are closely connected to their structural…
Environmental transmission electron microscopy (E-TEM) enables direct observation of nanoscale chemical processes crucial for catalysis and materials design. However, the high-energy electron probe can dramatically alter reaction pathways…
Electron tomography is becoming an increasingly important tool in materials science for studying the three-dimensional morphologies and chemical compositions of nanostructures. The image quality obtained by many current algorithms is…
Electron and scanning probe microscopy produce vast amounts of data in the form of images or hyperspectral data, such as EELS or 4D STEM, that contain information on a wide range of structural, physical, and chemical properties of…
Heterogeneous gas and solid catalyst reactions occur at the atomic level, and understanding and controlling complex catalytic reactions at this level is crucial for the development of improved processes and materials. There are postulations…
With the invention of scanning probe techniques, direct imaging of single atoms and molecules became possible. Today, scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) routinely provides angstrom-scale image resolution. At the same time, however, STM…
Molecular communication (MC) is a promising paradigm for applications where traditional electromagnetic communications are impractical. However, decoding chemical signals, especially in multi-transmitter systems, remains a key challenge due…
We present a novel approach for extracting 3D atomic-level information from transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images affected by significant noise. The approach is based on formulating depth estimation as a semantic segmentation…
Harnessing the optical properties of noble metals down to the nanometer-scale is a key step towards fast and low-dissipative information processing. At the 10-nm length scale, metal crystallinity and patterning as well as probing of surface…