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As the advances in quantum hardware bring us into the noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) era, one possible task we can perform without quantum error correction using NISQ machines is the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) due to its…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-29 Zhenyu Cai

We show that the minimum experimental effort to characterize the proper functioning of a quantum device scales as 2^n for n qubits and requires classical computational resources ~ n^2 2^{3n}. This represents an exponential reduction…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-11-18 Daniel M. Reich , Giulia Gualdi , Christiane P. Koch

Let G(A,B) denote the 2-qubit gate which acts as the 1-qubit SU(2) gates A and B in the even and odd parity subspaces respectively, of two qubits. Using a Clifford algebra formalism we show that arbitrary uniform families of circuits of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-11-19 Richard Jozsa , Akimasa Miyake

Quantum algorithms require accurate representations of electronic states on a quantum device, yet the approximation of electronic wave functions for strongly correlated systems remains a profound theoretical challenge, with existing methods…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-29 Dipanjali Halder , Dibyendu Mondal , Rahul Maitra

A key goal of digital quantum computing is the simulation of fermionic systems such as molecules or the Hubbard model. Unfortunately, for present and near-future quantum computers the use of quantum error correction schemes is still out of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-07-31 Jan-Michael Reiner , Frank Wilhelm-Mauch , Gerd Schön , Michael Marthaler

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) has enjoyed increasing attention in noisy intermediate-scale quantum computing due to its application to combinatorial optimization problems. Because combinatorial optimization problems…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-01-18 Yunsoo Ha , Sara Shashaani , Matt Menickelly

We investigate the performance of the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) for the optimal flight gate assignment problem. This problem is a combinatorial optimization problem that aims at finding an optimal assignment of flights to the…

Developing quantum algorithms adaptive to specific constraints of near-term devices is an essential step towards practical quantum advantage. In a recent work [Phys. Rev. Lett. 131, 103601(2023)], we show cold atoms in an optical cavity can…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-12 Yuchen Luo , Xiaopeng Li , Jian Lin

The Quantum Alternating Operator Ansatz (QAOA) is a hybrid classical-quantum algorithm that aims to sample the optimal solution(s) of discrete combinatorial optimization problems. We present optimized QAOA circuit constructions for sampling…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-04 Elijah Pelofske , Andreas Bärtschi , John Golden , Stephan Eidenbenz

Any technology requires precise benchmarking of its components, and the quantum technologies are no exception. Randomized benchmarking allows for the relatively resource economical estimation of the average gate fidelity of quantum gates…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-08-14 E. Onorati , A. H. Werner , J. Eisert

Quantum circuits consisting of Clifford and matchgates are two classes of circuits that are known to be efficiently simulatable on a classical computer. We introduce a unified framework that shows in a transparent way the special structure…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-24 Igor Ermakov , Oleg Lychkovskiy , Tim Byrnes

The problem of finding the ground state energy of a Hamiltonian using a quantum computer is currently solved using either the quantum phase estimation (QPE) or variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) algorithms. For precision $\epsilon$, QPE…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-16 Daochen Wang , Oscar Higgott , Stephen Brierley

The variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) is a promising algorithm for demonstrating quantum advantage in the noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) era. However, optimizing VQE from random initial starting parameters is challenging due to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-20 Abid Khan , Bryan K. Clark , Norm M. Tubman

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is a promising quantum-classical hybrid technique to solve combinatorial optimization problems in near-term gate-based noisy quantum devices. In QAOA, the objective is a function of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-07-24 Mahabubul Alam , Abdullah Ash-Saki , Swaroop Ghosh

In recent years, the Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) has emerged as one of the most popular algorithms for solving the electronic structure problem on near-term quantum computers. The utility of VQE is often hindered by the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-04 M. R. Nirmal , Ankit Khandelwal , Manoj Nambiar , Sharma S. R. K. C. Yamijala

Variational quantum eigensolvers (VQEs) are leading candidates to demonstrate near-term quantum advantage. Here, we conduct density-matrix simulations of leading gate-based VQEs for a range of molecules. We numerically quantify their level…

The ability to simulate a fermionic system on a quantum computer is expected to revolutionize chemical engineering, materials design, nuclear physics, to name a few. Thus, optimizing the simulation circuits is of significance in harnessing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-28 Qingfeng Wang , Ming Li , Christopher Monroe , Yunseong Nam

We give three new algorithms for efficient in-place estimation, without using ancilla qubits, of average fidelity of a quantum logic gate acting on a d-dimensional system using much fewer random bits than what was known so far. Previous…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-23 Aditya Nema , Pranab Sen

The Toffoli gate is an important universal quantum gate, and will alongside the Clifford gates be available in future fault-tolerant quantum computing hardware. Many quantum algorithms rely on performing arbitrarily small single-qubit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-13 Christoffer Hindlycke , Jakov Krnic , Jan-Åke Larsson

Simulating quantum dynamics is expected to be performed more easily on a quantum computer than on a classical computer. However, the currently available quantum devices lack the capability to implement fault-tolerant quantum algorithms for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-28 Kian Hwee Lim , Tobias Haug , Leong Chuan Kwek , Kishor Bharti