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Colorectal cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide and the second leading cause in the United States. The risk of colorectal cancer can be mitigated by the identification and removal of premalignant lesions through…

Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OCSCC) is the most common type of head and neck cancer. Due to the subtle nature of its early stages, deep and hidden areas of development, and slow growth, OCSCC often goes undetected, leading to…

Circulating Tumor Cells (CTCs) bear great promise as biomarkers in tumor prognosis. However, the process of identification and later enumeration of CTCs require manual labor, which is error-prone and time-consuming. The recent developments…

Background and Purpose: Pediatric low-grade glioma (pLGG) is the most common type of brain tumor in children, and identification of molecular markers for pLGG is crucial for successful treatment planning. Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)…

Research on the localization of the genetic basis associated with diseases or traits has been widely conducted in the last a few decades. Scan methods have been developed for region-based analysis in whole-genome association studies,…

A galaxy's morphological features encode details about its gas content, star formation history, and feedback processes, which play important roles in regulating its growth and evolution. We use deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to…

The Open Cluster Chemical Abundances and Mapping (OCCAM) survey aims to constrain key Galactic dynamical and chemical evolution parameters by the construction of a large, comprehensive, uniform, infrared-based spectroscopic data set of…

Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) analysis is a powerful, minimally invasive tool for monitoring disease progression, treatment response, and early detection. A major challenge, however, is accurately determining the tissue of origin, especially in…

The diagnosis of blood-based diseases often involves identifying and characterizing patient blood samples. Automated methods to detect and classify blood cell subtypes have important medical applications. Automated medical image processing…

Melanoma is a fatal skin cancer that is curable and has dramatically increasing survival rate when diagnosed at early stages. Learning-based methods hold significant promise for the detection of melanoma from dermoscopic images. However,…

Objective: Ultrahigh-resolution optical coherence microscopy (OCM) has recently demonstrated its potential for accurate diagnosis of human cervical diseases. One major challenge for clinical adoption, however, is the steep learning curve…

High-throughput microarray and sequencing technology have been used to identify disease subtypes that could not be observed otherwise by using clinical variables alone. The classical unsupervised clustering strategy concerns primarily the…

Optical Character Recognition has been a challenging field in the advent of digital computers. It is needed where information is to be readable both to humans and machines. The process of OCR is composed of a set of pre and post processing…

Motivation: DNA methylation is an intensely studied epigenetic mark, yet its functional role is incompletely understood. Attempts to quantitatively associate average DNA methylation to gene expression yield poor correlations outside of the…

This paper presents a method that improve state-of-the-art of the concave point detection methods as a first step to segment overlapping objects on images. It is based on the analysis of the curvature of the objects contour. The method has…

Diffusions and related random walk procedures are of central importance in many areas of machine learning, data analysis, and applied mathematics. Because they spread mass agnostically at each step in an iterative manner, they can sometimes…

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a significant global health concern, and early detection through screening plays a critical role in reducing mortality. While deep learning models have shown promise in improving polyp detection, classification,…

Early diagnosis is essential for the successful treatment of bowel cancers including colorectal cancer (CRC) and capsule endoscopic imaging with robotic actuation can be a valuable diagnostic tool when combined with automated image…

Regression is a fundamental tool in scientific research. Ordinary least squares (OLS), one of the most widely used regression methods, enjoys several desirable properties, including the best linear unbiased estimator (BLUE) property. It is…

Motivation: Multi-omics integration can improve cancer subtyping, but modality informativeness and noise vary across cancer types and patients. Existing graph-based methods optimize modality weights jointly with the classification objective…