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Liquid scintillators are commonly used to detect low energy neutrinos from the reactors, sun, and earth. It is a challenge to reconstruct deposited energies for a large liquid scintillator detector. For detectors with multiple optical…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2019-03-12 Wenjie Wu , Miao He , Xiang Zhou , Haoxue Qiao

Photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) are widely used in neutrino and other experiments for the detection of weak light. To date PMTs are the most sensitive single photon detector per unit area. In addition to the quantum efficiency for photon…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2019-09-23 Liang-Jian Wen , Miao He , Yi-Fang Wang , Jun Cao , Shu-Lin Liu , Yue-Kun Heng , Zhong-Hua Qin

The main goal of the JUNO experiment is to determine the neutrino mass ordering with a 20kt liquid-scintillator detector. The 20-inch PMT and its 1F3 (one for three) electronics are crucial to realize the excellent energy resolution of at…

We assess the potential of using presupernova neutrino signals at the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) to probe the yet-unknown neutrino mass hierarchy. Using models for stars of 12, 15, 20, and 25 solar masses, we find that…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-09-04 Gang Guo , Yong-Zhong Qian , Alexander Heger

China Jinping Underground Laboratory provides an ideal site for solar, geo-, and supernova neutrino studies. With a prototype neutrino detector running since 2017, containing 1-ton liquid scintillator, we tested its experimental hardware,…

Large-scale neutrino telescopes have the primary objective to detect and characterize neutrino sources in the universe. These experiments rely on the detection of charged leptons produced in the interaction of neutrinos with nuclei. Angular…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2023-08-28 Pascal Gutjahr , Jean-Marco Alameddine , Alexander Sandrock , Jan Soedingrekso , Mirco Hünnefeld , Wolfgang Rhode

The most challenging part of building the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is the production of 20 kilotons of ultra pure Liquid Scintillator (LS). This paper presents the design, construction, installation, and…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2026-05-18 Junyu Shao , Wenjie Li , Xilei Sun , Tao Hu , Li Zhou , Yayun Ding , Xiao Cai , Boxiang Yu , Jian Fang , Yuguang Xie , Jie Zhao , Lijun Sun , Wanjin Liu , Hansheng Sun , Mengchao Liu , Xin Ling

The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) is a long-baseline (1300 km) neutrino experiment hosted at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL). It aims to measure neutrino mass ordering and CP violation through neutrino…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2025-03-25 Sergio Manthey Corchado

The Taishan Antineutrino Observatory (TAO) is a liquid-scintillator satellite experiment of the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) to measure the reference reactor neutrino spectrum with unprecented energy resolution. We use…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2025-04-22 Xuewei Liu , Wei Dou , Benda Xu , Hanwen Wang , Guofu Cao

Geoneutrinos serve as a potent tool for comprehending the radiogenic power and composition of Earth. Although geoneutrinos have been observed in prior experiments, the forthcoming generation of experiments,such as JUNO, will be necessary…

We present an optimization procedure for neutrino beams which could be produced at CERN and aimed to a set of seven possible underground sites in Europe with distances ranging from 130 km to 2300 km. Studies on the feasibility of a next…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2012-06-20 A. Longhin

The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) provides a rich science program with a focus on neutrino oscillations and other beyond the standard model physics. The high-intensity, wide-band neutrino beam will be produced at the Fermi…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2018-04-16 D. Brailsford

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is proposed to determine the neutrino mass hierarchy using a 20 kiloton underground liquid scintillator detector (CD). One of the keys is the energy resolution of the CD to reach <3% at 1…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2018-03-13 Fengjiao Luo , Zhimin Wang , Zhonghua Qin , Yuekun Heng

The Taishan Antineutrino Observatory (TAO) is a ton-level liquid scintillator detector to be placed at 30\,m from a core of the Taishan Nuclear Power Plant for precise reactor antineutrino spectrum measurements. One important background for…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2022-09-07 Ruhui Li , Yichen Li , Zhimin Wang , Qiang Li , Liang Zhan , Jun Cao

A visualization method based on Unity engine is proposed for the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) experiment. The method has been applied in development of a new event display tool named ELAINA (Event Live Animation with…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2019-01-30 Jiang Zhu , Zhengyun You , Yumei Zhang , Ziyuan Li , Shu Zhang , Tao Lin , Weidong Li

It has been proposed to determine the mass hierarchy of neutrinos by exploiting the beat between the oscillation frequencies corresponding to the two neutrino mass squared differences. JUNO is based on this concept and uses a large liquid…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-10-23 David V. Forero , Rebekah Hawkins , Patrick Huber

The Reactor Experiment for Neutrino Oscillation (RENO) experiment has been taking data using two identical liquid scintillator detectors of 44.5 tons since August 2011. The experiment has observed the disappearance of reactor neutrinos in…

In this article we present the large photo-multiplier tube (PMT) afterpulse measurement results of Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) experiment. Totally 11 dynode-PMTs (R12860) from Hamamatsu company and 150 micro-channel…

This article presents the potential of a combined analysis of the JUNO and KM3NeT/ORCA experiments to determine the neutrino mass ordering. This combination is particularly interesting as it significantly boosts the potential of either…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2023-10-05 KM3NeT Collaboration , S. Aiello , A. Albert , M. Alshamsi , S. Alves Garre , Z. Aly , A. Ambrosone , F. Ameli , M. Andre , G. Androulakis , M. Anghinolfi , M. Anguita , M. Ardid , S. Ardid , J. Aublin , C. Bagatelas , B. Baret , S. Basegmez du Pree , M. Bendahman , F. Benfenati , E. Berbee , A. M. van den Berg , V. Bertin , S. Biagi , M. Boettcher , M. Bou Cabo , J. Boumaaza , M. Bouta , M. Bouwhuis , C. Bozza , H. Brânzaş , R. Bruijn , J. Brunner , R. Bruno , E. Buis , R. Buompane , J. Busto , B. Caiffi , D. Calvo , S. Campion , A. Capone , V. Carretero , P. Castaldi , S. Celli , M. Chabab , N. Chau , A. Chen , S. Cherubini , V. Chiarella , T. Chiarusi , M. Circella , R. Cocimano , J. A. B. Coelho , A. Coleiro , M. Colomer Molla , R. Coniglione , P. Coyle , A. Creusot , A. Cruz , G. Cuttone , R. Dallier , B. De Martino , I. Di Palma , A. F. Díaz , D. Diego-Tortosa , C. Distefano , A. Domi , C. Donzaud , D. Dornic , M. Dörr , D. Drouhin , T. Eberl , A. Eddyamoui , T. van Eeden , D. van Eijk , I. El Bojaddaini , A. Enzenhöfer , V. Espinosa , P. Fermani , G. Ferrara , M. D. Filipovic , F. Filippini , L. A. Fusco , T. Gal , J. García Méndez , A. Garcia Soto , F. Garufi , Y. Gatelet , C. Gatius , N. Geisselbrecht , L. Gialanella , E. Giorgio , S. R. Gozzini , R. Gracia , K. Graf , G. Grella , D. Guderian , C. Guidi , B. Guillon , M. Gutiérrez , J. Haefner , S. Hallmann , H. Hamdaoui , H. van Haren , A. Heijboer , A. Hekalo , L. Hennig , J. J. Hernández-Rey , J. Hofestädt , F. Huang , W. Idrissi Ibnsalih , G. Illuminati , C. W. James , M. de Jong , P. de Jong , B. J. Jung , P. Kalaczynski , O. Kalekin , U. F. Katz , N. R. Khan Chowdhury , G. Kistauri , F. van der Knaap , P. Kooijman , A. Kouchner , V. Kulikovskiy , M. Labalme , R. Lahmann , M. Lamoureux , G. Larosa , C. Lastoria , A. Lazo , R. Le Breton , S. Le Stum , G. Lehaut , O. Leonardi , F. Leone , E. Leonora , N. Lessing , G. Levi , M. Lincetto , M. Lindsey Clark , T. Lipreau , C. Llorens Alvarez , F. Longhitano , D. Lopez-Coto , A. Lygda , L. Maderer , J. Majumdar , J. Mańczak , A. Margiotta , A. Marinelli , C. Markou , L. Martin , J. A. Martínez-Mora , A. Martini , F. Marzaioli , S. Mastroianni , K. W. Melis , G. Miele , P. Migliozzi , E. Migneco , P. Mijakowski , L. S. Miranda , C. M. Mollo , M. Moser , A. Moussa , R. Muller , M. Musumeci , L. Nauta , S. Navas , C. A. Nicolau , B. Nkosi , B. Ó Fearraigh , M. O'Sullivan , M. Organokov , A. Orlando , J. Palacios González , G. Papalashvili , R. Papaleo , A. M. Păun , G. E. Păvălaş , C. Pellegrino , M. Perrin-Terrin , V. Pestel , P. Piattelli , C. Pieterse , O. Pisanti , C. Poirè , V. Popa , T. Pradier , I. Probst , S. Pulvirenti , G. Quéméner , N. Randazzo , S. Razzaque , D. Real , S. Reck , G. Riccobene , A. Romanov , A. Rovelli , F. Salesa Greus , D. F. E. Samtleben , A. Sánchez Losa , M. Sanguineti , D. Santonocito , P. Sapienza , J. Schnabel , M. F. Schneider , J. Schumann , H. M. Schutte , J. Seneca , I. Sgura , R. Shanidze , A. Sharma , A. Sinopoulou , B. Spisso , M. Spurio , D. Stavropoulos , S. M. Stellacci , M. Taiuti , Y. Tayalati , H. Thiersen , S. Tingay , S. Tsagkli , V. Tsourapis , E. Tzamariudaki , D. Tzanetatos , V. Van Elewyck , G. Vasileiadis , F. Versari , D. Vivolo , G. de Wasseige , J. Wilms , R. Wojaczyński , E. de Wolf , T. Yousfi , S. Zavatarelli , A. Zegarelli , D. Zito , J. D. Zornoza , J. Zúñiga , N. Zywucka , JUNO Collaboration members , : , S. Ahmad , J. P. A. M. de André , E. Baussan , C. Bordereau , A. Cabrera , C. Cerna , G. Donchenko , E. A. Doroshkevich , M. Dracos , F. Druillole , C. Jollet , L. N. Kalousis , P. Kampmann , K. Kouzakov , A. Lokhov , B. K. Lubsandorzhiev , S. B. Lubsandorzhiev , A. Meregaglia , L. Miramonti , F. Perrot , L. F. Piñeres Rico , A. Popov , R. Rasheed , M. Settimo , K. Stankevich , H. Steiger , M. R. Stock , A. Studenikin , A. Triossi , W. Trzaska , M. Vialkov , B. Wonsak , J. Wurtz , F. Yermia