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The Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) has embarked on an ambitious five-year survey to explore the nature of dark energy with spectroscopy of 40 million galaxies and quasars. DESI will determine precise redshifts and employ the…
The use of instruments that record narrow band images at selected wavelengths is a common approach in solar observations. They allow the scanning of a spectral line by sampling the Stokes profiles with 2D images at each line position, but…
The volume of data being collected in solar physics has exponentially increased over the past decade and with the introduction of the $\textit{Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope}$ (DKIST) we will be entering the age of petabyte solar data.…
A priori, cosmic-ray measurements offer a unique capability to determine the vertical profile of atmospheric temperatures directly from ground. However, despite the increased understanding of the impact of the atmosphere on cosmic-ray…
The Bethe-Salpeter equation (BSE) can provide an accurate description of low-energy optical spectra of insulating crystals - even when excitonic effects are important. However, due to high computational costs it is only possible to include…
Differential Emission Measure (DEM) inversion methods use the brightness of a set of emission lines to infer the line-of-sight (LOS) distribution of the electron temperature ($T_e$) in the corona. DEM inversions have been traditionally…
Stereoscopic spectral imaging is an observing technique that affords rapid acquisition of limited spectral information over an entire image plane simultaneously. Light from a telescope is dispersed into multiple spectral orders, which are…
The Near-Infrared Imager and Slitless Spectrograph (NIRISS) is the science module of the Canadian-built Fine Guidance Sensor (FGS) onboard the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). NIRISS has four observing modes: 1) broadband imaging…
We describe a new algorithm for reconstruction of Differential Emission Measures (DEMs) in the solar corona. Although a number of such algorithms currently exist, they can have difficulty converging for some cases, and can be complex, slow,…
The Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) onboard NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) produces estimates of the photospheric magnetic field which are a critical input to many space weather modelling and forecasting systems. The…
Direct detection of exoplanets requires high dynamic range imaging. Coronagraphs could be the solution, but their performance in space is limited by wavefront errors (manufacturing errors on optics, temperature variations, etc.), which…
We introduce a transformer-based neural network to generate high-resolution (3km) synthetic radar reflectivity fields at scale from geostationary satellite imagery. This work aims to enhance short-term convective-scale forecasts of…
Numerical 3D radiative (M)HD simulations of solar convection are used to understand the physical properties of the solar photosphere. To validate this approach, it is important to check that no excessive thermodynamic fluctuations arise as…
Hyperspectral image (HSI) denoising is a crucial preprocessing procedure for the subsequent HSI applications. Unfortunately, though witnessing the development of deep learning in HSI denoising area, existing convolution-based methods face…
Aims:We introduce analytical response functions and their main properties as an important diagnostic tool that help understand Stokes profile formation physics and the meaning of well-known behaviors of standard inversion codes of the…
Scattering polarization signals in the Sr I 4607 \AA\ spectral line are among the strongest originating from the solar photosphere, offering a powerful diagnostic of tangled magnetic fields in the 3--300 G range via the Hanle effect.…
The rapid growth of solar data is driving changes in the typical workflow and algorithmic approach to solar data analysis. We present recently deployed tools to aid this evolution and layout the path for future development. The majority of…
X-ray Thomson scattering (XRTS) is a common diagnostic used in the warm dense matter (WDM) regime to estimate plasma parameters like density, temperature and charge state. Experimental analysis typically relies on a forward model to obtain…
The theoretical oscillation frequencies of even the best asteroseismic models of solar-like oscillators show significant differences from observed oscillation frequencies. Structure inversions seek to use these frequency differences to…
The new CRISP filter at the Swedish 1-m Solar Telescope provides opportunities for observing the solar atmosphere with unprecedented spatial resolution and cadence. In order to benefit from the high quality of observational data from this…