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Safety is a fundamental requirement in any human-robot collaboration scenario. To ensure the safety of users for such scenarios, we propose a novel Virtual Barrier system facilitated by an augmented reality interface. Our system provides…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Khoa Cong Hoang , Wesley P. Chan , Steven Lay , Akansel Cosgun , Elizabeth Croft

Pedestrians' safety is a crucial factor in assessing autonomous driving scenarios. However, pedestrian safety evaluation is rarely considered by existing autonomous driving simulation platforms. This paper proposes a pedestrian safety…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Lin Ma , Longrui Chen , Yan Zhang , Mengdi Chu , Wenjie Jiang , Jiahao Shen , Chuxuan Li , Yifeng Shi , Nairui Luo , Jirui Yuan , Guyue Zhou , Jiangtao Gong

As autonomous vehicles are gradually being deployed in the real world, external Human-Machine Interfaces (eHMIs) are expected to serve as a critical solution for enhancing vehicle-pedestrian communication. However, existing eHMI designs…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Jialong Li , Zhenyu Mao , Zhiyao Wang , Yijun Lu , Shogo Morita , Nianyu Li , Kenji Tei

As autonomous vehicles (AVs) inch closer to reality, a central requirement for acceptance will be earning the trust of humans in everyday driving situations. In particular, the interaction between AVs and pedestrians is of high importance,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-02-05 Nitin R. Kapania , Vijay Govindarajan , Francesco Borrelli , J. Christian Gerdes

The integration of human-centric approaches has gained more attention recently due to more automated systems being introduced into our built environments (buildings, roads, vehicles, etc.), which requires a correct understanding of how…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-10-05 Xiang Guo , Austin Angulo , Arash Tavakoli , Erin Robartes , T. Donna Chen , Arsalan Heydarian

Simulations play a vital role in implementing, testing and validating proposed algorithms and protocols in VANET. Mobility model, defined as the movement pattern of vehicles, is one of the main factors that contribute towards the efficient…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2014-06-03 Wiseborn Manfe Danquah , Turgay D Altilar

Traditional methods for developing and evaluating autonomous driving functions, such as model-in-the-loop (MIL) and hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulations, heavily depend on the accuracy of simulated vehicle models and human factors,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Haochong Chen , Xincheng Cao , Levent Guvenc , Bilin Aksun Guvenc

Affective virtual reality (VR) environments with varying visual style can impact users' valence and arousal responses. We applied Neural Style Transfer (NST) to generate 360$^\circ$ VR environments that elicited users' varied valence and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-03-27 Yanheng Li , Long Bai , Yaxuan Mao , Xuening Peng , Zehao Zhang , Xin Tong , Ray LC

Understanding how people view and interact with autonomous vehicles is important to guide future directions of research. One such way of aiding understanding is through simulations of virtual environments involving people and autonomous…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-08-27 John Charlton , Luis Rene Montana Gonzalez , Steve Maddock , Paul Richmond

With the unprecedented shift towards automated urban environments in recent years, a new paradigm is required to study pedestrian behaviour. Studying pedestrian behaviour in futuristic scenarios requires modern data sources that consider…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-11-11 Arash Kalatian , Bilal Farooq

Interacting with pedestrians understandably and efficiently is one of the toughest challenges faced by autonomous vehicles (AVs) due to the limitations of current algorithms and external human-machine interfaces (eHMIs). In this paper, we…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Xiang Chang , Zihe Chen , Xiaoyan Dong , Yuxin Cai , Tingmin Yan , Haolin Cai , Zherui Zhou , Guyue Zhou , Jiangtao Gong

This work introduces a framework to diagnose the strengths and shortcomings of Autonomous Vehicle (AV) collision avoidance technology with synthetic yet realistic potential collision scenarios adapted from real-world, collision-free data.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-09-18 Robert Dyro , Matthew Foutter , Ruolin Li , Luigi Di Lillo , Edward Schmerling , Xilin Zhou , Marco Pavone

Societal-scale deployment of autonomous vehicles requires them to coexist with human drivers, necessitating mutual understanding and coordination among these entities. However, purely real-world or simulation-based experiments cannot be…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Tanmay Vilas Samak , Chinmay Vilas Samak , Venkat Narayan Krovi

Pedestrian gestures play an important role in traffic communication, particularly in interactions with autonomous vehicles (AVs), yet their subtle, ambiguous, and context-dependent nature poses persistent challenges for machine…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Tram Thi Minh Tran , Xinyan Yu , Callum Parker , Julie Stephany Berrio Perez , Stewart Worrall , Martin Tomitsch

Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANET) are self-organized, distributed communication networks built up from moving vehicles where each node is characterized by variable speed, strict limits of freedom in movement patterns and a variety of…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2013-04-17 Alice Castellano , Francesca Cuomo

In recent years, researchers and manufacturers have started to investigate ways to enable autonomous vehicles (AVs) to interact with nearby pedestrians in compensation for the absence of human drivers. The majority of these efforts focuses…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Yiyuan Wang , Luke Hespanhol , Martin Tomitsch

As autonomous systems begin to operate amongst humans, methods for safe interaction must be investigated. We consider an example of a small autonomous vehicle in a pedestrian zone that must safely maneuver around people in a free-form…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Peter Du , Zhe Huang , Tianqi Liu , Ke Xu , Qichao Gao , Hussein Sibai , Katherine Driggs-Campbell , Sayan Mitra

Developing autonomous vehicles that can safely interact with pedestrians requires large amounts of pedestrian and vehicle data in order to learn accurate pedestrian-vehicle interaction models. However, gathering data that include crucial…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Kenta Mukoya , Erica Weng , Rohan Choudhury , Kris Kitani

Autonomous driving systems often infer pedestrian yielding behavior from geometric and kinematic cues alone, limiting their ability to reason about visual scene context and age-dependent behavioral variability. This limitation can produce…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-28 Qingwen Pu , Kun Xie , Yuxiang Liu

This paper proposes a novel learning-based control policy with strong generalizability to new environments that enables a mobile robot to navigate autonomously through spaces filled with both static obstacles and dense crowds of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Zhanteng Xie , Philip Dames