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The Blandford-Znajek process, one of the most promising model for powering the relativistic jets from black holes, was initially introduced as a mechanism in which the magnetic fields extract energy from a rotating black hole. We study the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-07-12 Milton Ruiz , Carlos Palenzuela , Filippo Galeazzi , Carles Bona

During the three decades since its theoretical discovery the Blandford-Znajek process of extracting the rotational energy of black holes has become one of the foundation stones in the building of modern relativistic astrophysics. However,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-11-02 S. S. Komissarov

Production and acceleration mechanisms of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) of energy $>10^{20}$eV, clearly beyond the GZK-cutoff limit remain unclear that points to exotic nature of the phenomena. Recent observations of extragalactic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-05-26 Arman Tursunov , Zdeněk Stuchlík , Martin Kološ , Naresh Dadhich , Bobomurat Ahmedov

In the present paper, we explore various gravitational aspects such as energy extraction (via the Penrose process and Superradiance), particle collisions around a $\mathcal{N}=2$, $U(1)^2$ dyonic rotating black hole (BH) in the gauged…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-11 Anik Rudra , Hemwati Nandan , Radouane Gannouji , Soham Chakraborty , Arindam Kumar Chatterjee

We calculate the evolution of the prompt intrinsic Poynting power generated by merging black holes. Orbiting black holes induce rotation of the space-time. In a presence of magnetic field supported by an accretion disk outside of the orbit,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2010-12-22 Maxim Lyutikov

It is widely believed that some classes of high-energy transients may be powered by the rotational energy of a rapidly spinning black hole. The energy extraction mechanism commonly discussed involves macroscopic magnetic fields that are…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Amir Levinson

Recently, it was claimed that accretion of electric charge by a black hole rotating in an aligned external magnetic field results in a "dead" vacuum magnetosphere, where the electric field is totally screened, no vacuum breakdown is…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-09-29 Serguei S. Komissarov

Magnetic Penrose process (MPP) could be highly efficient (efficiency can even exceed $100\%$) for extracting the energy from a Kerr black hole, if it is immersed in a mG order magnetic field. Considering the exact solution of the magnetized…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-03-22 Chandrachur Chakraborty , Parth Patil , G. Akash

Recent study shows that the magnetic reconnection can serve as an efficient mechanism to extract energy from rapidly spinning black holes. In this paper, we consider the effects of the tidal charge on the energy extraction via the magnetic…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-05-11 Shao-Wen Wei , Hui-Min Wang , Yu-Peng Zhang , Yu-Xiao Liu

If a black hole is immersed in a magnetosphere,its rotational energy can be transferred to the electromagnetic field and escape as a Poynting flux to infinity. This process of extraction of rotational energy is known as the Blandford-Znajek…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-23 Milos Ertola Urtubey , Daniela Pérez

Context: Accreting black holes (BHs) may be surrounded by a highly magnetized plasma threaded by a poloidal magnetic field. Non-thermal flares and high energy components could originate from a hot, collisionless and nearly force-free…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-07-27 I. El Mellah , B. Cerutti , B. Crinquand , K. Parfrey

The energetics of the long duration GRB phenomenum is compared with the BZ mechanism. A rough estimate of the energy extracted from a rotating Black Hole with the Blandford-Znajek mechanism is evaluated with a very simple assumption: an…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 G. Barbiellini , F. Longo

The concept of the irreducible mass ($M_{\rm irr}$) has led to the mass-energy ($M$) formula of a Kerr black hole (BH), in turn leading to its surface area $S=16\pi M_{\rm irr}^2$. This also allowed the coeval identification of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-09-06 R. Ruffini , C. L. Bianco , M. Prakapenia , H. Quevedo , J. A. Rueda , S. R. Zhang

The mass-energy formula for a black hole endowed with electromagnetic structure (EMBH) is clarified for the nonrotating case. The irreducible mass $M_{\mathrm{irr}}$ is found to be independent of the electromagnetic field and explicitly…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Remo Ruffini , Luca Vitagliano

We discuss stationary and axisymmetric trans-magnetosonic outflows in the magnetosphere of a rotating black hole (BH). Ejected plasma from the plasma source located near the BH is accelerated far away to form a relativistic jet. In this…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-11-17 Masaaki Takahashi , Motoki Kino , Hung-Yi Pu

In the presence of a magnetic field, rotational energy can be extracted from black holes via the Blandford-Znajek mechanism. We use self-similar advection dominated accretion (ADAF) models to estimate the efficiency of this mechanism for…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Philip J. Armitage , Priyamvada Natarajan

A new scenario for extracting energy from a Kerr black hole is proposed. With magnetic field lines connecting plasma particles inside the ergosphere with remote loads, the frame dragging twists the field lines so that energy and angular…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Li-Xin Li

Numerous variations have been proposed on the original suggestion by Blandford and Znajek that magnetic fields could be used to extract rotational energy from black holes. A new categorization of these variations is proposed so that they…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Julian H. Krolik

We investigate the geometry, dynamics, and collision mechanisms in the ergoregion of KerrNewman-AdS black hole influenced by quintessential energy. Particle splittings within the ergoregion are analyzed, demonstrating their role in energy…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-03-21 K. Q. Abbasi , F. L. Carneiro , M. Z. A. Moughal

We investigate the extraction of rotational energy from rotating Einstein-Born-Infeld (EBI) black holes, where nonlinear electrodynamics introduces a radius-dependent effective charge modifying the spacetime geometry. Focusing on neutral…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-02 Urooj Fatima , G. Abbas