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We study a two-player, zero-sum, stochastic game with incomplete information on one side in which the players are allowed to play more and more frequently. The informed player observes the realization of a Markov chain on which the payoffs…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2013-07-15 Pierre Cardaliaguet , Catherine Rainer , Dinah Rosenberg , Nicolas Vieille

It is well known that the rock-paper-scissors game has no pure saddle point. We show that this holds more generally: A symmetric two-player zero-sum game has a pure saddle point if and only if it is not a generalized rock-paper-scissors…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2013-01-25 Peter Duersch , Joerg Oechssler , Burkhard C. Schipper

This paper considers a two-person zero-sum continuous-time Markov pure jump game in Borel state and action spaces over a fixed finite horizon. The main assumption on the model is the existence of a drift function, which bounds the reward…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-03-31 Xin Guo , Yi Zhang

Similar to the role of Markov decision processes in reinforcement learning, Stochastic Games (SGs) lay the foundation for the study of multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) and sequential agent interactions. In this paper, we derive…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-01-12 Xiaotie Deng , Ningyuan Li , David Mguni , Jun Wang , Yaodong Yang

This paper studies a multi-player, general-sum stochastic game characterized by a dual-stage temporal structure per period. The agents face uncertainty regarding the time-evolving state that is realized at the beginning of each period.…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-10-09 Tao Zhang , Quanyan Zhu

We suggest a new algorithm for two-person zero-sum undiscounted stochastic games focusing on stationary strategies. Given a positive real $\epsilon$, let us call a stochastic game $\epsilon$-ergodic, if its values from any two initial…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2015-08-17 Endre Boros , Khaled Elbassioni , Vladimir Gurvich , Kazuhisa Makino

We consider zero-sum stochastic games for continuous time Markov decision processes with risk-sensitive average cost criterion. Here the transition and cost rates may be unbounded. We prove the existence of the value of the game and a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-09-21 Mrinal K. Ghosh , Subrata Golui , Chandan Pal , Somnath Pradhan

We consider a sub-class of bi-matrix games which we refer to as two-person (hereafter referred to as two-player) additively-separable sum (TPASS) games, where the sum of the pay-offs of the two players is additively separable. The row…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-03 Somdeb Lahiri

This paper provides necessary and sufficient conditions for a pair of randomised stopping times to form a saddle point of a zero-sum Dynkin game with partial and/or asymmetric information across players. The framework is non-Markovian and…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-10-20 Tiziano De Angelis , Jan Palczewski , Jacob Smith

Policy-based methods with function approximation are widely used for solving two-player zero-sum games with large state and/or action spaces. However, it remains elusive how to obtain optimization and statistical guarantees for such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Yulai Zhao , Yuandong Tian , Jason D. Lee , Simon S. Du

This paper studies partially observable two-person zero-sum semi-Markov games under a probability criterion, in which the system state may not be completely observed. It focuses on the probability that the accumulated rewards of player 1…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-08-26 Xin Wen , Li Xia , Zhihui Yu

This paper examines finite zero-sum stochastic games and demonstrates that when the game's duration is sufficiently long, there exists a pair of approximately optimal strategies such that the expected average payoff at any point in the game…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-12-02 Thomas Ragel , Bruno Ziliotto

We study two-player zero-sum stopping games in continuous time and infinite horizon. We prove that the value in randomized stopping times exists as soon as the payoff processes are right-continuous. In particular, as opposed to existing…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Rida Laraki , Eilon Solan

We consider a nonzero-sum Markov game on an abstract measurable state space with compact metric action spaces. The goal of each player is to maximize his respective discounted payoff function under the condition that some constraints on a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-09-28 François Dufour , Tomás Prieto-Rumeau

In a zero-sum stochastic game, at each stage, two adversary players take decisions and receive a stage payoff determined by them and by a controlled random variable representing the state of nature. The total payoff is the normalized…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-05-06 Olivier Catoni , Miquel Oliu-Barton , Bruno Ziliotto

We study the value and the optimal strategies for a two-player zero-sum optimal stopping game with incomplete and asymmetric information. In our Bayesian set-up, the drift of the underlying diffusion process is unknown to one player…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-07-15 Tiziano De Angelis , Erik Ekström , Kristoffer Glover

This paper introduces state abstraction for two-player zero-sum Markov games (TZMGs), where the payoffs for the two players are determined by the state representing the environment and their respective actions, with state transitions…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Hiroki Ishibashi , Kenshi Abe , Atsushi Iwasaki

Given a skew-symmetric matrix, the corresponding two-player symmetric zero-sum game is defined as follows: one player, the row player, chooses a row and the other player, the column player, chooses a column. The payoff of the row player is…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2017-07-11 Florian Brandl

We introduce two-level discounted games played by two players on a perfect-information stochastic game graph. The upper level game is a discounted game and the lower level game is an undiscounted reachability game. Two-level games model…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2010-06-09 Krishnendu Chatterjee , Rupak Majumdar

We consider two-person zero-sum stochastic mean payoff games with perfect information, or BWR-games, given by a digraph $G = (V, E)$, with local rewards $r: E \to \ZZ$, and three types of positions: black $V_B$, white $V_W$, and random…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2017-03-27 Endre Boros , Khaled Elbassioni , Vladimir Gurvich , Kazuhisa Makino