Related papers: Excited Q-Balls
Non-topological solitons such as Q-balls and Q-shells have been studied for scalar fields invariant under global and gauged U(1) symmetries. We generalize this framework to include a Proca mass for the gauge boson, which can arise either…
In this work we deal with nontopological solutions of the Q-ball type in two spacetime dimensions. We study models of current interest, described by a Higgs-like and other, similar potentials which unveil the presence of exact solutions. We…
This paper is concerned with the dynamics and interactions of Q-balls in (1+1)-dimensions. The asymptotic force between well-separated Q-balls is calculated to show that Q-balls can be attractive or repulsive depending upon their relative…
We present for the first time solutions in the gauged $U(1)\times U(1)$ model of Witten describing vortons -- spinning flux loops stabilized against contraction by the centrifugal force. Vortons were heuristically described many years ago,…
The regularized signum-Gordon potential has a smooth minimum and is linear in the modulus of the field value for higher amplitudes. The Q-ball solutions in this model are investigated. Their existence for charges large enough is…
We study a multicomponent $CP^N$ model's scalar electrodynamics. The model contains $Q$-balls and $Q$-shells, which are nontopological compact solitons with time dependency $e^{i\omega t}$. Two coupled $CP^N$ models can decouple locally if…
We construct Q-ball solutions from a model consisting of one massive scalar field $\xi$ and one massive complex scalar field $\phi$ interacting via the cubic couplings $g_1 \xi \phi^{*} \phi + g_2 \xi^3$, typical of Henon-Heiles-like…
The properties of Q-balls in the general case of a sixth order potential have been studied using analytic methods. In particular, for a given potential, the initial field value that leads to the soliton solution has been derived and the…
We analyse the evolution of light Q-balls in a cosmological background, and find a number of interesting features. For Q-balls formed with a size comparable to the Hubble radius, we demonstrate that there is no charge radiation, and that…
It is demonstrated that under common conditions a molecular solid subject to Jahn-Teller interactions supports stable Q-ball-like non-topological solitons. Such solitons represent a localized lump of excess electric charge in periodic…
We study the formation of Q-balls which are made of flat directions that appear in the supersymmetric extension of the standard model in the context of gravity-mediated supersymmetry breaking. The full non-linear calculations for the…
Rotational excitations of compact Q-balls in the complex signum-Gordon model in 2+1 dimensions are investigated. We find that almost all such spinning Q-balls have the form of a ring of strictly finite width. In the limit of large angular…
Scalar fields which carry charge can generally form non-topoligical solitons (Q-balls), if the energy in the extended configuration is less than the energy of an equivalent number of free quanta. For global Q-balls, such solitons exist…
We study the time evolution of spherical, excited -- with $n$ radial nodes -- scalar boson stars in General Relativity minimally coupled to a complex massive scalar field with quartic self-interactions. We report that these stars, with up…
We study the formation of Q-balls in the early universe, concentrating on potentials with a cubic or quartic attractive interaction. Large Q-balls can form via solitosynthesis, a process of gradual charge accretion, provided some primordial…
Recently, it has been found that a $Q$-ball can amplify waves incident upon it, due to rotation in the internal space and the interaction of the two modes in the complex scalar field. While the spherically symmetric 3D case has been…
The inflaton condensate associated with a global symmetry can fragment into quasistable Q balls, provided the inflaton oscillations give rise to an effective equation of state with negative pressure. We study chaotic inflation with a…
Q-balls are generically present in models with softly broken low-energy supersymmetry. We discuss the properties of these non-topological solitons, which can precipitate a new kind of first-order phase transition in the early Universe and…
We demonstrate the formation of quasi-stable localized scalar configurations in spontaneously symmetry breaking U(1) model by 3+1-dimensional classical lattice simulations. Such configurations are called PQ-balls, as the primary motivation…
The nonperturbative analysis of the one-particle excitation of the electron-positron field is made in the paper. The standard form of quantum electrodynamics (QED) is used but the coupling constant $\alpha_0$ is supposed to be of a large…