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Being able to predict what may happen in the future requires an in-depth understanding of the physical and causal rules that govern the world. A model that is able to do so has a number of appealing applications, from robotic planning to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-04-05 Alex X. Lee , Richard Zhang , Frederik Ebert , Pieter Abbeel , Chelsea Finn , Sergey Levine

Massive data collection holds the promise of a better understanding of complex phenomena and, ultimately, better decisions. Representation learning has become a key driver of deep learning applications, as it allows learning latent spaces…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Caroline Uhler , Jiaqi Zhang

Faithful evaluation of language model capabilities is crucial for deriving actionable insights that can inform model development. However, rigorous causal evaluations in this domain face significant methodological challenges, including…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Jikai Jin , Vasilis Syrgkanis , Sham Kakade , Hanlin Zhang

Features in machine learning problems are often time-varying and may be related to outputs in an algebraic or dynamical manner. The dynamic nature of these machine learning problems renders current higher order accelerated gradient descent…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-05-29 Joseph E. Gaudio , Travis E. Gibson , Anuradha M. Annaswamy , Michael A. Bolender

Learning multimodal representations is a fundamentally complex research problem due to the presence of multiple heterogeneous sources of information. Although the presence of multiple modalities provides additional valuable information,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-15 Yao-Hung Hubert Tsai , Paul Pu Liang , Amir Zadeh , Louis-Philippe Morency , Ruslan Salakhutdinov

Probabilistic forecasting of multivariate time series is essential for various downstream tasks. Most existing approaches rely on the sequences being uniformly spaced and aligned across all variables. However, real-world multivariate time…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Yijun Li , Cheuk Hang Leung , Qi Wu

It is commonplace to encounter nonstationary data, of which the underlying generating process may change over time or across domains. The nonstationarity presents both challenges and opportunities for causal discovery. In this paper we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-06-21 Kun Zhang , Biwei Huang , Jiji Zhang , Bernhard Schölkopf , Clark Glymour

Structural causal models describe how the components of a robotic system interact. They provide both structural and functional information about the relationships that are present in the system. The structural information outlines the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Alejandro Murillo-Gonzalez , Junhong Xu , Lantao Liu

We propose an approach for learning the causal structure in stochastic dynamical systems with a $1$-step functional dependency in the presence of latent variables. We propose an information-theoretic approach that allows us to recover the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-01-25 Saber Salehkaleybar , Jalal Etesami , Negar Kiyavash

Modeling the temporal behavior of data is of primordial importance in many scientific and engineering fields. Baseline methods assume that both the dynamic and observation equations follow linear-Gaussian models. However, there are many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-03 Xavier Alameda-Pineda , Vincent Drouard , Radu Horaud

Interpreting the inner function of neural networks is crucial for the trustworthy development and deployment of these black-box models. Prior interpretability methods focus on correlation-based measures to attribute model decisions to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Ola Ahmad , Nicolas Bereux , Loïc Baret , Vahid Hashemi , Freddy Lecue

Estimating causal effects from observational data has become increasingly critical in diverse fields including healthcare, economics, and social policy. The fundamental challenge in causal inference arises from the missing counterfactuals…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Yifei Xie , Jian Huang

In reinforcement learning, we can learn a model of future observations and rewards, and use it to plan the agent's next actions. However, jointly modeling future observations can be computationally expensive or even intractable if the…

We address causal reasoning in multivariate time series data generated by stochastic processes. Existing approaches are largely restricted to static settings, ignoring the continuity and emission of variations across time. In contrast, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Mehdi Fatemi , Sindhu Gowda

We consider the general class of time-homogeneous stochastic dynamical systems, both discrete and continuous, and study the problem of learning a representation of the state that faithfully captures its dynamics. This is instrumental to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Vladimir R. Kostic , Pietro Novelli , Riccardo Grazzi , Karim Lounici , Massimiliano Pontil

Robust causal discovery from observational data under imperfect prior knowledge remains a significant and largely unresolved challenge. Existing methods typically presuppose perfect priors or can only handle specific, pre-identified error…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Zidong Wang , Xi Lin , Chuchao He , Xiaoguang Gao

Most of previous machine learning algorithms are proposed based on the i.i.d. hypothesis. However, this ideal assumption is often violated in real applications, where selection bias may arise between training and testing process. Moreover,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-08-24 Zheyan Shen , Peng Cui , Kun Kuang , Bo Li , Peixuan Chen

Causal dynamics learning has recently emerged as a promising approach to enhancing robustness in reinforcement learning (RL). Typically, the goal is to build a dynamics model that makes predictions based on the causal relationships among…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Inwoo Hwang , Yunhyeok Kwak , Suhyung Choi , Byoung-Tak Zhang , Sanghack Lee

It is always demanding to learn robust visual representation for various learning problems; however, this learning and maintenance process usually suffers from noise, incompleteness or knowledge domain mismatch. Thus, robust representation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-28 Zhengming Ding , Ming Shao , Handong Zhao , Sheng Li

We introduce a novel modeling approach for time series imputation and forecasting, tailored to address the challenges often encountered in real-world data, such as irregular samples, missing data, or unaligned measurements from multiple…