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The Model Context Protocol (MCP) has emerged as a standard for connecting large language models (LLMs) with external tools. However, this MCP ecosystem introduces new security risks across hosts, servers, and registries. In this paper, we…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Xiaofan Li , Xing Gao

Modern vehicles contain more than a hundred Electronic Control Units (ECUs) that communicate over different in-vehicle networks, and they are often connected to the Internet, which makes them vulnerable to various cyber-attacks. Besides,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-12-19 Wenjun Xiong , Robert Lagerström

Automobiles are equipped with Electronic Control Units (ECU) that communicate via in-vehicle network protocol standards such as Controller Area Network (CAN). These protocols are designed under the assumption that separating in-vehicle…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-03-23 Sang Uk Sagong , Xuhang Ying , Andrew Clark , Linda Bushnell , Radha Poovendran

Rising complexity of in-vehicle electronics is enabling new capabilities like autonomous driving and active safety. However, rising automation also increases risk of security threats which is compounded by lack of in-built security measures…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-22 Shashwat Khandelwal , Eashan Wadhwa , Shreejith Shanker

The rapid development of network technologies and industrial intelligence has augmented the connectivity and intelligence within the automotive industry. Notably, in the Internet of Vehicles (IoV), the Controller Area Network (CAN), which…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Huacheng Li , Jingyong Su , Kai Wang

Recent developments in the smart mobility domain have transformed automobiles into networked transportation agents helping realize new age, large-scale intelligent transportation systems (ITS). The motivation behind such networked…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-05 Ipsita Koley , Sunandan Adhikary , Rohit Rohit , Soumyajit Dey

In the automotive security sector, the absence of a testing platform that is configurable, practical, and user-friendly presents considerable challenges. These difficulties are compounded by the intricate design of vehicle systems, the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Sekar Kulandaivel , Wenjuan Lu , Brandon Barry , Jorge Guajardo

For decades, the Controller Area Network (CAN) has served as the primary in-vehicle bus (IVB) and extended its use to many non-vehicular systems. Over the past years, CAN security has been intensively scrutinized, yielding extensive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Khaled Serag , Zhaozhou Tang , Sungwoo Kim , Vireshwar Kumar , Dave , Tian , Saman Zonouz , Raheem Beyah , Dongyan Xu , Z. Berkay Celik

Connected vehicles are threatened by cyber-attacks as in-vehicle networks technologically approach (mobile) LANs with several wireless interconnects to the outside world. Malware that infiltrates a car today faces potential victims of…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Philipp Meyer , Timo Häckel , Sandra Reider , Franz Korf , Thomas C. Schmidt

Ensuring constraint satisfaction is a key requirement for safety-critical systems, which include most robotic platforms. For example, constraints can be used for modeling joint position/velocity/torque limits and collision avoidance.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Elias Fontanari , Gianni Lunardi , Matteo Saveriano , Andrea Del Prete

Security attacks are growing in an exponential manner and their impact on existing systems is seriously high and can lead to dangerous consequences. However, in order to reduce the effect of these attacks, penetration tests are highly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-30 Jean-Paul A. Yaacoub , Hassan N. Noura , Ola Salman , Ali Chehab

The advancements in autonomous driving technology, coupled with the growing interest from automotive manufacturers and tech companies, suggest a rising adoption of Connected Autonomous Vehicles (CAVs) in the near future. Despite some…

The broad adoption of the Internet of Things during the last decade has widened the application horizons of distributed sensor networks, ranging from smart home appliances to automation, including remote sensing. Typically, these…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Agustin Zaballos , Adria Mallorqui , Joan Navarro

Vehicles are becoming more and more connected, this opens up a larger attack surface which not only affects the passengers inside vehicles, but also people around them. These vulnerabilities exist because modern systems are built on the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-08-13 Sandeep Nair Narayanan , Sudip Mittal , Anupam Joshi

With increasingly sophisticated cyber-adversaries able to access a wider repertoire of mechanisms to implant malware such as ransomware, CPU/GPU keyloggers, and stealthy kernel rootkits, there is an urgent need for techniques to detect and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Farshad Khorrami , Ramesh Karri , Prashanth Krishnamurthy

Autonomous vehicles, including self driving cars, ground robots, and drones, rely on multi-modal sensor pipelines for safe operation, yet remain vulnerable to adversarial sensor attacks. A critical gap is the lack of a systematic end-to-end…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Qingzhao Zhang , Shaocheng Luo , Z. Morley Mao , Miroslav Pajic , Michael K. Reiter

Recent experimental studies have shown that traffic management systems are vulnerable to cyber-attacks on sensor data. This paper studies the vulnerability of fixed-time control of signalized intersections when sensors measuring traffic…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2017-02-10 Amin Ghafouri , Waseem Abbas , Yevgeniy Vorobeychik , Xenofon Koutsoukos

Testing automotive mechatronic systems partly uses the software-in-the-loop approach, where systematically covering inputs of the system-under-test remains a major challenge. In current practice, there are two major techniques of input…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-19 Dhasarathy Parthasarathy , Karl Bäckström , Jens Henriksson , Sólrún Einarsdóttir

With recent improvements in coherence times, superconducting transmon qubits have become a promising platform for quantum computing. They can be flexibly engineered over a wide range of parameters, but also require us to identify an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-09-21 Michael H. Goerz , Felix Motzoi , K. Birgitta Whaley , Christiane P. Koch

We release Terminal Wrench, a subset of 331 terminal-agent benchmark environments, copied from the popular open benchmarks that are demonstrably reward-hackable. The data set includes 3,632 hack trajectories and 2,352 legitimate baseline…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Ivan Bercovich , Ivgeni Segal , Kexun Zhang , Shashwat Saxena , Aditi Raghunathan , Ziqian Zhong