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To select the most relevant sentences of a document, it uses an optimal decision algorithm that combines several metrics. The metrics processes, weighting and extract pertinence sentences by statistical and informational algorithms. This…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2009-05-20 Juan-Manuel Torres-Moreno , Pier-Luc St-Onge , Michel Gagnon , Marc El-Bèze , Patrice Bellot

In recent years, large language models (LLMs) achieve remarkable success across a variety of tasks. However, their potential in the domain of Automated Essay Scoring (AES) remains largely underexplored. Moreover, compared to English data,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Yida Cai , Kun Liang , Sanwoo Lee , Qinghan Wang , Yunfang Wu

Automatic Mean Opinion Score (MOS) prediction is crucial to evaluate the perceptual quality of the synthetic speech. While recent approaches using pre-trained self-supervised learning (SSL) models have shown promising results, they only…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-01 Hui Wang , Shiwan Zhao , Xiguang Zheng , Yong Qin

Machine learning models excel with abundant annotated data, but annotation is often costly and time-intensive. Active learning (AL) aims to improve the performance-to-annotation ratio by using query methods (QMs) to iteratively select the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Hannes Kath , Thiago S. Gouvêa , Daniel Sonntag

Scaling test-time compute brings substantial performance gains for large language models (LLMs). By sampling multiple answers and heuristically aggregate their answers (e.g., either through majority voting or using verifiers to rank the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Jianing Qi , Xi Ye , Hao Tang , Zhigang Zhu , Eunsol Choi

Sample average approximation (SAA) is a widely popular approach to data-driven decision-making under uncertainty. Under mild assumptions, SAA is both tractable and enjoys strong asymptotic performance guarantees. Similar guarantees,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-11-03 Dimitris Bertsimas , Vishal Gupta , Nathan Kallus

Automated Essay Scoring (AES) plays a crucial role in education by providing scalable and efficient assessment tools. However, in real-world settings, the extreme scarcity of labeled data severely limits the development and practical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Hongseok Choi , Serynn Kim , Wencke Liermann , Jin Seong , Jin-Xia Huang

The use of Natural Language Processing (NLP) for Automated Essay Scoring (AES) has been well explored in the English language, with benchmark models exhibiting performance comparable to human scorers. However, AES in Hindi and other…

Question answering (Q/A) can be formulated as a generative task (Mitra, 2017) where the task is to generate an answer given the question and the passage (knowledge, if available). Recent advances in QA task is focused a lot on language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-05 Jyothir S , Zuhaib Akhtar

This paper presents an experiment of automatically scoring handwritten descriptive answers in the trial tests for the new Japanese university entrance examination, which were made for about 120,000 examinees in 2017 and 2018. There are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Hung Tuan Nguyen , Cuong Tuan Nguyen , Haruki Oka , Tsunenori Ishioka , Masaki Nakagawa

Automated Essay scoring has been explored as a research and industry problem for over 50 years. It has drawn a lot of attention from the NLP community because of its clear educational value as a research area that can engender the creation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Yann Hicke , Tonghua Tian , Karan Jha , Choong Hee Kim

Rigorous and interactive class discussions that support students to engage in high-level thinking and reasoning are essential to learning and are a central component of most teaching interventions. However, formally assessing discussion…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-28 Nhat Tran , Benjamin Pierce , Diane Litman , Richard Correnti , Lindsay Clare Matsumura

Automatic keyword extraction (AKE) has gained more importance with the increasing amount of digital textual data that modern computing systems process. It has various applications in information retrieval (IR) and natural language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Enes Altuncu , Jason R. C. Nurse , Yang Xu , Jie Guo , Shujun Li

Aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) to cater to different human preferences, learning new skills, and unlearning harmful behavior is an important problem. Search-based methods, such as Best-of-N or Monte-Carlo Tree Search, are performant,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-13 Seungwook Han , Idan Shenfeld , Akash Srivastava , Yoon Kim , Pulkit Agrawal

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in education requires scalable and efficient frameworks that balance performance, adaptability, and cost. This paper addresses these needs by proposing a shared backbone model architecture…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Ehsan Latif , Xiaoming Zhai

Receiving timely and personalized feedback is essential for second-language learners, especially when human instructors are unavailable. This study explores the effectiveness of Large Language Models (LLMs), including both proprietary and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Changrong Xiao , Wenxing Ma , Qingping Song , Sean Xin Xu , Kunpeng Zhang , Yufang Wang , Qi Fu

We evaluate the effectiveness of Large Language Models (LLMs) in assessing essay quality, focusing on their alignment with human grading. More precisely, we evaluate ChatGPT and Llama in the Automated Essay Scoring (AES) task, a crucial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-23 Anindita Kundu , Denilson Barbosa

Many speech enhancement methods try to learn the relationship between noisy and clean speech, obtained using an acoustic room simulator. We point out several limitations of enhancement methods relying on clean speech targets; the goal of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-12-26 Geonmin Kim , Hwaran Lee , Bo-Kyeong Kim , Sang-Hoon Oh , Soo-Young Lee

Human decision-makers often receive assistance from data-driven algorithmic systems that provide a score for evaluating objects, including individuals. The scores are generated by a function (mechanism) that takes a set of features as input…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-25 Abolfazl Asudeh , H. V. Jagadish

Question-answering (QA) that comes naturally to humans is a critical component in seamless human-computer interaction. It has emerged as one of the most convenient and natural methods to interact with the web and is especially desirable in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Deepak Gupta
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