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Typical reinforcement learning (RL) agents learn to complete tasks specified by reward functions tailored to their domain. As such, the policies they learn do not generalize even to similar domains. To address this issue, we develop a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-05-26 Himanshu Sahni , Saurabh Kumar , Farhan Tejani , Yannick Schroecker , Charles Isbell

We study the problem of designing autonomous agents that can learn to cooperate effectively with a potentially suboptimal partner while having no access to the joint reward function. This problem is modeled as a cooperative episodic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Thomas Kleine Buening , Anne-Marie George , Christos Dimitrakakis

Recent advancements in reinforcement learning have made significant impacts across various domains, yet they often struggle in complex multi-agent environments due to issues like algorithm instability, low sampling efficiency, and the…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Cheng Xu , Changtian Zhang , Yuchen Shi , Ran Wang , Shihong Duan , Yadong Wan , Xiaotong Zhang

Offline meta-reinforcement learning aims to equip agents with the ability to rapidly adapt to new tasks by training on data from a set of different tasks. Context-based approaches utilize a history of state-action-reward transitions --…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Mohammadreza Nakhaei , Aidan Scannell , Joni Pajarinen

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has achieved groundbreaking successes in a wide variety of robotic applications. A natural consequence is the adoption of this paradigm for safety-critical tasks, where human safety and expensive hardware…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Davide Corsi , Raz Yerushalmi , Guy Amir , Alessandro Farinelli , David Harel , Guy Katz

Reinforcement learning (RL) has become an increasingly active area of research in recent years. Although there are many algorithms that allow an agent to solve tasks efficiently, they often ignore the possibility that prior experience…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-01-07 Francisco M. Garcia , Chris Nota , Philip S. Thomas

Although deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has shown promising results for autonomous navigation in interactive traffic scenarios, existing work typically adopts a fixed behavior policy to control social vehicles in the training…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-07-20 Kanghoon Lee , Jiachen Li , David Isele , Jinkyoo Park , Kikuo Fujimura , Mykel J. Kochenderfer

Solving long-horizon goal-conditioned tasks remains a significant challenge in reinforcement learning (RL). Hierarchical reinforcement learning (HRL) addresses this by decomposing tasks into more manageable sub-tasks, but the automatic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Yang Yu

A key challenge in the study of multiagent cooperation is the need for individual agents not only to cooperate effectively, but to decide with whom to cooperate. This is particularly critical in situations when other agents have hidden,…

A major challenge for deep reinforcement learning (DRL) agents is to collaborate with novel partners that were not encountered by them during the training phase. This is specifically worsened by an increased variance in action responses…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Yi Loo , Chen Gong , Malika Meghjani

Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) methods have shown promise in enabling agents to learn a shared communication protocol from scratch and accomplish challenging team tasks. However, the learned language is usually not interpretable…

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARl) has achieved strong results in cooperative tasks but typically assumes fixed, fully controlled teams. Ad hoc teamwork (AHT) relaxes this by allowing collaboration with unknown partners, yet existing…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Beiwen Zhang , Yongheng Liang , Hejun Wu

Ad-hoc collaboration often relies on identifying and adhering to shared conventions. However, when partners can follow multiple conventions, agents must do more than simply adapt; they must actively steer the team toward the most effective…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Abhishek Sriraman , Eleni Vasilaki , Robert Loftin

We propose a method to efficiently learn diverse strategies in reinforcement learning for query reformulation in the tasks of document retrieval and question answering. In the proposed framework an agent consists of multiple specialized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-27 Rodrigo Nogueira , Jannis Bulian , Massimiliano Ciaramita

We consider a multi-agent reinforcement learning problem where each agent seeks to maximize a shared reward while interacting with other agents, and they may or may not be able to communicate. Typically the agents do not have access to…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-04-26 Alex Tong Lin , Mark J. Debord , Katia Estabridis , Gary Hewer , Guido Montufar , Stanley Osher

It is desirable for an agent to be able to solve a rich variety of problems that can be specified through language in the same environment. A popular approach towards obtaining such agents is to reuse skills learned in prior tasks to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Geraud Nangue Tasse , Devon Jarvis , Steven James , Benjamin Rosman

In-Context Reinforcement Learning (ICRL) has enabled foundation agents to adapt instantaneously to novel tasks, yet its efficacy in Ad-Hoc Teamwork (AHT)-where coordination with unknown partners is required-remains unexplored. To rigorously…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Yuheng Jing , Kai Li , Ziwen Zhang , Jiajun Zhang , Zeyao Ma , Jiaxi Yang , Lei Zhang , Zhe Wu , Jinmin He , Junliang Xing , Jian Cheng

In this paper, we study the problem of robust cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning (RL) where a large number of cooperative agents with distributed information aim to learn policies in the presence of \emph{stochastic} and…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Muhammad Aneeq uz Zaman , Mathieu Laurière , Alec Koppel , Tamer Başar

Creating reinforcement learning (RL) agents that are capable of accepting and leveraging task-specific knowledge from humans has been long identified as a possible strategy for developing scalable approaches for solving long-horizon…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Lin Guan , Sarath Sreedharan , Subbarao Kambhampati

To increase autonomy in reinforcement learning, agents need to learn useful behaviours without reliance on manually designed reward functions. To that end, skill discovery methods have been used to learn the intrinsic options available to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-08-05 Even Klemsdal , Sverre Herland , Abdulmajid Murad