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We consider the average distance between four bases in dimension six. The distance between two orthonormal bases vanishes when the bases are the same, and the distance reaches its maximal value of unity when the bases are unbiased. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-27 Philippe Raynal , Xin Lü , Berthold-Georg Englert

We analyze the set of real and complex Hadamard matrices with additional symmetry constrains. In particular, we link the problem of existence of maximally entangled multipartite states of $2k$ subsystems with $d$ levels each to the set of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-18 Wojciech Bruzda , Grzegorz Rajchel-Mieldzioć , Karol Życzkowski

We show that k=w+2 mutually unbiased bases can be constructed in any square dimension d=s^2 provided that there are w mutually orthogonal Latin squares of order s. The construction combines the design-theoretic objects (k,s)-nets (which can…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Pawel Wocjan , Thomas Beth

The connection between maximal sets of mutually unbiased bases (MUBs) in a prime-power dimensional Hilbert space and finite phase-space geometries is well known. In this article we classify MUBs according to their degree of covariance with…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2016-06-23 Claudio Carmeli , Jussi Schultz , Alessandro Toigo

Mutually unbiased bases (MUBs) have been used in several cryptographic and communications applications. There has been much speculation regarding connections between MUBs and finite geometries. Most of which has focused on a connection with…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-06-05 Joanne L. Hall , Jan Stovicek

Mutually unbiased bases (MUBs), which are such that the inner product between two vectors in different orthogonal bases is a constant equal to 1/sqrt{d), with d the dimension of the finite Hilbert space, are becoming more and more studied…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 M. Planat , H. C. Rosu

We develop a strong connection between maximally commuting bases of orthogonal unitary matrices and mutually unbiased bases. A necessary condition of the existence of mutually unbiased bases for any finite dimension is obtained. Then a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Somshubhro Bandyopadhyay , P. Oscar Boykin , Vwani Roychowdhury , Farrokh Vatan

For a system of N qubits, spanning a Hilbert space of dimension d=2^N, it is known that there exists d+1 mutually unbiased bases. Different construction algorithms exist, and it is remarkable that different methods lead to sets of bases…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 J. L. Romero , G. Bjork , A. B. Klimov , L. L. Sanchez-Soto

One way to construct a maximal set of mutually unbiased bases (MUBs) in a prime-power dimensional Hilbert space is by means of finite phase-space methods. MUBs obtained in this way are covariant with respect to some subgroup of the group of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2017-05-29 Claudio Carmeli , Jussi Schultz , Alessandro Toigo

Mutually Unbiased bases has various application in quantum information procession and coding theory. There can be maximum d + 1 MUBs in C^d and d/2 +1 MUBs in R^d. But , over R^d MUBs are known to be non existent when d is odd and for most…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-16 Ajeet Kumar , Uditanshu Sadual

We study a special class of (real or complex) robust Hadamard matrices, distinguished by the property that their projection onto a $2$-dimensional subspace forms a Hadamard matrix. It is shown that such a matrix of order $n$ exists, if…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-21 Grzegorz Rajchel-Mieldzioć , Adam Gąsiorowski , Karol Życzkowski

A family of two-unitary complex Hadamard matrices (CHM) stemming from a particular matrix, of size $36$ is constructed. Every matrix in this orbit remains unitary after operations of partial transpose and reshuffling which makes it a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-24 Wojciech Bruzda , Karol Życzkowski

For positive integers $m$ and $n$, we denote by $\mathrm{BH}(m,n)$ the set of all $H\in M_{n\times n}(\mathbb{C})$ such that $HH^\ast=nI_n$ and each entry of $H$ is an $m$-th root of unity where $H^\ast$ is the adjoint matrix of $H$ and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-02-28 Kyoung-Tark Kim , Hirasaka Mitsugu , Yoshihiro Mizoguchi

We show that maximal families of mutually unbiased bases are characterized in all dimensions by partitioned unitary error bases, up to a choice of a family of Hadamards. Furthermore, we give a new construction of partitioned unitary error…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-10-20 Benjamin Musto

We show that a complete set of seven mutually unbiased bases in dimension six, if it exists, cannot contain more than one product basis.

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-03-14 Daniel McNulty , Stefan Weigert

We generalize the concept of mutually unbiased bases (MUB) to measurements which are not necessarily described by rank one projectors. As such, these measurements can be a useful tool to study the long standing problem of the existence of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-18 Amir Kalev , Gilad Gour

Using reversible Hadamard difference sets, we construct symmetric Bush-type Hadamard matrices of order $4m^4$ for all odd integer $m$.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Mikhail Muzychuk , Qing Xiang

We study mutually unbiased bases (MUBs) as structured finite initialization and adaptation families for variational quantum algorithms. The main theoretical result is that, in every dimension admitting a complete set of MUBs, the complete…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-18 Abed Semre , Steven Frankel

A new method of obtaining a sequence of isolated complex Hadamard matrices (CHM) for dimensions $N\geqslant 7$, based on block-circulant structures, is presented. We discuss, several analytic examples resulting from a modification of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-24 Wojciech Bruzda

We establish a connection between the problem of constructing maximal collections of mutually unbiased bases (MUBs) and an open problem in the theory of Lie algebras. More precisely, we show that a collection of m MUBs in K^n gives rise to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 P. Oscar Boykin , Meera Sitharam , Pham Huu Tiep , Pawel Wocjan
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