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Photonic integrated circuits (PICs) at cryogenic temperatures enable a wide range of applications in scalable classical and quantum systems for computing and sensing. A promising application of cryogenic PICs is to provide optical…

Reliable operation of photonic integrated circuits at cryogenic temperatures would enable new capabilities for emerging computing platforms, such as quantum technologies and low-power cryogenic computing. The silicon-on-insulator platform…

Encoding information onto optical fields is the backbone of modern telecommunication networks. Optical fibers offer low loss transport and vast bandwidth compared to electrical cables, and are currently also replacing coaxial cables for…

Integrated electrical and photonic circuits (PIC) operating at cryogenic temperatures are fundamental building blocks required to achieve scalable quantum computing, and cryogenic computing technologies. Optical interconnects offer better…

Lithium niobate is a promising platform for integrated quantum optics. In this platform we aim to efficiently manipulate and detect quantum states by combining superconducting single photon detectors and modulators. The cryogenic operation…

Quantum computing, ultra-low-noise sensing, and high-energy physics experiments often rely on superconducting circuits or semiconductor qubits and devices operating at deep cryogenic temperatures (4K and below). Photonic integrated circuits…

Electro-optic modulators are key components for photonic quantum computing, particularly in fully cryovenic integrated platforms where low loss and compactness are critical. We present a systematic theoretical investigation of compact…

Modulation conditioned on measurements on entangled photonic quantum states is a cornerstone technology of optical quantum information processing. Performing this task with low latency requires combining single-photon-level detectors with…

Integrated circuit technology enables the scaling of circuit complexity and functionality while maintaining manufacturability and reliability. Integration is expected to play an important role in quantum information technologies, including…

Cryogenic systems necessitate extensive data transmission between room-temperature and cryogenic environments, as well as within the cryogenic temperature domain. High-speed, low-power data transmission is pivotal to enabling the deployment…

Current control techniques for cryogenically cooled qubits are realized with coaxial cables, posing multiple challenges in terms of cost, thermal load, size, and long-term scalability. Emerging approaches to tackle this issue include…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-01 Malek Succar , Mohamed I. Ibrahim

Electro-optic modulators are utilized ubiquitously ranging from applications in data communication to photonic neural networks. While tremendous progress has been made over the years, efficient phase-shifting modulators are challenged with…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-08-18 Rubab Amin , Rishi Maiti , Jacob B. Khurgin , Volker J. Sorger

High performance integrated electro-optic modulators operating at low temperature are critical for optical interconnects in cryogenic applications. Existing integrated modulators, however, suffer from reduced modulation efficiency or…

A universal experimental challenge when studying radiation effects on cryogenic devices is to precisely and accurately characterize the position-dependent device response very near the energy detection threshold. We have developed a compact…

Many technologies in quantum photonics require cryogenic conditions to operate. However, the underlying platform behind active components such as switches, modulators and phase shifters must be compatible with these operating conditions. To…

The advancement of quantum technology networks necessitates high-speed, low-thermal load, and minimal-noise communication links between cryogenic and room-temperature components. At the heart of modern telecommunication, lay optical…

Scalable, high speed data transfer between cryogenic (0.1-4 K) and room temperature environments is instrumental in a broad range of fields including quantum computing, superconducting electronics, single photon imaging and space-based…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-02-04 Marc de Cea , Emma E. Wollman , Amir H. Atabaki , Dodd J. Gray , Matthew D. Shaw , Rajeev J. Ram

Quantum technologies promise a radically new way to solve classically intractable computing problems. Superconducting circuits as a platform are at the forefront of this field. The cryogenic operation temperatures of superconducting…

While nonclassical light sources are fundamental to quantum communication and computing, solid-state platforms like color centers and quantum dots require cryogenic temperatures to reach the performance levels necessary for practical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-13 Alex H. Rubin , Victoria A. Norman , Marina Radulaski

Large-scale cryogenic quantum systems are constrained by an input-output bottleneck between room-temperature electronics and millikelvin stages, particularly in superconducting qubit platforms. This bottleneck is most acute for output…

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