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Airborne respiratory diseases such as SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pose significant challenges for public transportation. Several recent outbreaks of SARS-CoV-2 indicate the high risk of transmission among passengers on public buses if special…
The health threat from SARS-CoV-2 airborne infection has become a public emergency of international concern. During the ongoing coronavirus pandemic, people have been advised by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to maintain…
Respirators provide protection from inhalation exposure to dangerous substances, such as chemicals and infectious particles, including SARS-Covid-laden droplets and aerosols. However, they are prone to exposure to stale air as the masks…
Face masks are recommended to reduce the transmission of many viruses, especially SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, the automatic detection of whether there is a mask on the face, what type of mask is worn, and how it is worn is an important research…
There is a growing interest in modeling and analyzing the spread of diseases like the SARS-CoV-2 infection using stochastic models. These models are typically analyzed quantitatively and are not often subject to validation using formal…
We present high-fidelity numerical simulations of expiratory biosol transport during normal breathing under indoor, stagnant air conditions with and without a facial mask. We investigate mask efficacy to suppress the spread of saliva…
Network scientists have proposed that infectious diseases involving person-to-person transmission may be effectively halted by targeting interventions at a minority of highly connected individuals. Can this strategy be effective in…
The improvement of language model robustness, including successful defense against adversarial attacks, remains an open problem. In computer vision settings, the stochastic noising and de-noising process provided by diffusion models has…
An object withdrawn from a liquid bath is coated with a thin layer of liquid. Along with the liquid, impurities such as particles present in the bath can be transferred to the withdrawn substrate. Entrained particles locally modify the…
Statistical physicists have long studied systems where the variable of interest spans many orders of magnitude, the classic example is the relaxation times of glassy materials, which are often found to follow power laws. A power-law…
In this brief report we propose a new design of a medical mask with a plasma layer, which provides both additional air filtration from microdrops, bacteria and viruses due to the electrostatic effect and self-disinfecting of surfaces by a…
One of the deadliest pandemics is now happening in the current world due to COVID-19. This contagious virus is spreading like wildfire around the whole world. To minimize the spreading of this virus, World Health Organization (WHO) has made…
Preventive measures to reduce infection are needed to combat the COVID-19 pandemic and prepare for a possible endemic phase. Current prophylactic vaccines are highly effective to prevent disease but lose their ability to reduce viral…
The recent COVID-19 pandemic has increased the focus on hygienic and contactless identity verification methods. However, the pandemic led to the wide use of face masks, essential to keep the pandemic under control. The effect of wearing a…
Face presentation attacks have become a major threat to face recognition systems and many countermeasures have been proposed in the past decade. However, most of them are devoted to 2D face presentation attacks, rather than 3D face masks.…
Due to the COVID-19 situation, face masks have become a main part of our daily life. Wearing mouth-and-nose protection has been made a mandate in many public places, to prevent the spread of the COVID-19 virus. However, face masks affect…
The effect of evaporation on droplet sedimentation times is crucial for estimating the risk of infection from virus-containing airborne droplets. For droplet radii in the range 100 nm < R < 60 {\mu}m, evaporation can be described in the…
Health experts have suggested that social distancing measures are one of the most effective ways of preventing the spread of Covid-19. Research primarily focused on large Covid filled droplets suggested that these droplets can move further…
Passive filtering is a common strategy used to reduce airborne disease transmission and particulate contaminants in buildings and individual covers. The engineering of high-performance filters with relatively low flow resistance but high…
While facial coverings over the nose and mouth reduce the spread of the virus SARS-CoV-2 by filtration, masks capable of viral inactivation by heating could provide a complementary method to limit viral transmission. In this work, we…